Calcium ions yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev sib koom tes ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub cell membrane nrog cov tswv yim ua haujlwm. Qhov no tshwm sim los ntawm txoj kev ion, los ntawm cov hom qoob loo ntawm cov protein molecules qhib txoj kev rau calcium ions.
Qhov chaw thiab lub luag haujlwm ntawm txoj kev ion
Cov no, tig mus, muab faib ua peb hom:
- cytoplasmic;
- sakrolemalnye;
- intracellular.
Feem ntau ntawm cov tshuaj calcium uas nyob hauv plawv nqaij, thiab cov uas tseem tshuav yog nyob rau hauv cov nqaij ntawm cov leeg ntawm bronchi, uterus, gastrointestinal ib ntsuj av, tso zis mob thiab platelets.
Raws li twb tau hais lawm, calcium ions cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem metabolic hauv lub cev, ua rau:
- nce nyob rau hauv kev xav tau oxygen;
- nquag mob leeg;
- nce excitability.
Txhawm rau kev ua haujlwm rau hauv cov tshuaj no, cov tshuaj uas muaj rau hauv pawg calcium channel blockers (BCC) lossis raws li lawv kuj hu ua calcium channel blockers.
Cov kev qhia rau kev siv thiab kho cov nyom ntawm BPC
Kev kho mob ntawm cov tshuaj calcium channel blockers yog cov kws kho mob muaj nyob hauv cov kab mob hauv qab no:
- kub siab;
- angina pectoris ;
- coronary insufficiency;
- Ua ke ntawm angina nrog bradycardia;
- tachycardia;
- plawv tsis sib haum xeeb;
- kev puas tsuaj ntawm kev mob paj hlwb;
- swb ntawm lub plawv ntawm lub neej tsis pom kev;
- Raynaud's syndrome .
Tsis tas li ntawd, BPC tuaj yeem kho rau cov kab mob ntawm lub paj hlwb, ua xua, bronchospasm thiab qee cov kab mob sib txawv (Alzheimer's disease, senile dementia, alcoholism).
Lub tswv yim ntawm kev ua ntawm cov calcium channel blockers ntawm lub cev ua rau:
- tsis nto cov nqaij pob txaij;
- txhim kho cov ntshav ntws;
- poob plawv contractility;
- diuretic effect;
- ib tug thawj txo ntawm qhov kev ceev ntawm cov pulses;
- txo qis nyob rau theem ntawm platelet aggregation thiab kev txhim kho nyob rau hauv cov ntshav muaj pes tsawg leeg.
Kev faib tawm ntawm cov khoom muag
Calcium channel blockers muaj qee yam kev faib tawm thiab muab faib ua:
- Derivatives ntawm dihydropyridine. Cov tshuaj no yog tsim los ntawm nifepidine. Lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam txog cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub hlwb (Corinfar, Ardalat, Cordaflex, Lomir, Plendil, thiab lwm yam).
- Phenylalkylamine derivatives. Pawg ntawm verapamil. Lawv cuam tshuam rau feem ntau ntawm cov nqaij mob, txo nws cov contractility. Cov nyhuv ntawm cov hlab ntsha qaug zog (Isoptin, Prokorum, Finoptin).
- Benzothiazinine derivatives. Pab pawg neeg diltiazem. Cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj no qis dua li ntawm thawj pab pawg, tab sis nws yog sib npaug faib rau ob lub plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha (Dilsem, Cardil).
- Derivatives ntawm diphenylpyrazine. Pawg ntawm cinnarizine. Feem ntau, cov kab mob CCBs no raug hais kom raug qhov teeb meem ntawm lub hlwb cov hlab ntsha (Stugeron, Nomigrain).
Tsis tas li, tag nrho cov blockers ntawm qeeb calcium uas tau muab faib ua thawj zaug thiab ob tiam, thiab dihydropyridine preparations muaj ib feem peb. Tus thawj xib fwb sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm ntau tiam neeg yog kev txhim kho cov khoom muaj nqis thiab txo qis qis dua tom qab siv tshuaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj thib ob thiab peb lub hlis tsuas yog txo cov tshuaj txhua hnub, thiab lawv yuav tsum tau siv 1-2 hnub ib hnub xwb. Rau cov blockers ntawm calcium raws ntawm peb tiam yog cov tshuaj xws li Amlodipine, Latsidipin, Nimodipine.
Siv thiab kev tsis sib haum xeeb
Kev lees txais ntawm BPC yog ua tau tom qab kev sab laj nrog cov kev sib tham
Txhua cov tshuaj muaj nws tus kheej meej contraindications, tab sis, feem ntau, lawv tsis pom zoo siv thaum:
- plawv nres;
- cardiogenic poob siab;
- cev xeeb tub, thaum lub sijhawm noj mov;
- thaum yau;
- ib leeg tsis txaus ntseeg;
- kab mob hauv lub plawv nrog teeb meem ntawm ob lub raum thiab lub siab.