Ntawm cov zaub ntawm Cruciferae tsev neeg yuav luag txhua hom yog biennials. Loj hlob dawb cabbage yog ntau nrov tshaj lwm hom - rapeseed, radish los yog sowing radish. Ib tug loj loj ntawm cabbage, tsis kam mus rau Frost thiab ntau yam ntawm hybrid ntau yam raug suav hais tias yog cov kev pab ntawm no zaub.
Cog dawb cabbage
Txij li thaum cabbage yog biennial, nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo nws cov ntaub ntawv tsuas yog grey-grey nplooj nrog ib tug tus saum npoo, zoo nyob ib sab mus rau txhua lwm yam. Cov kev paub ntawm yuav ua li cas kom tsob nroj dawb cabbage rau high tawm los yog tsis txaus: nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau xav txog ntau yam, cog scheme, lub composition ntawm fertilizing thiab lwm yam. Kev npaj rau cog muaj xws li:
- Nroj tsuag tshem tawm. Cabbage pib txom nyem los ntawm cov kab mob yog hais tias lub txaj nyob rau hauv nws tsis tau meej weeded thiab tshem ntawm weeds. Nyob ze lawv, lub cabbages xyaum tsis tsim.
- Tsim lub haum fertile av txheej. Sab saum toj ntawm lub txaj yuav tsum them nrog loam: lub cultivation ntawm dawb cabbage yuav tsum tau ib tug high school cov ntsiab lus ntawm humus nrog ib tug tsawg theem ntawm acids los yog txawm tsis muaj lawv.
- Caij nplooj zeeg ua ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv. Tom qab harvesting lub dhau los zaub, hauv av yog loosened thiab ib tug me me ntawm txiv qaub cov ntaub ntawv yog thov - chalk los yog dolomite hmoov.
Yuav ua li cas cog dawb cabbage seedlings?
Feem ntau cov neeg ua liaj ua teb nyiam seedlings rau noob kev luam. Nws lub ntsiab zoo dua yog lub sij hawm los sau nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo, muab hais tias cov noob ntawm thaum ntxov ripening ntau yam yog siv. Cog dawb cabbage nyob rau hauv cov av seedlings significantly reduces lub sij hawm ntawm qhov nyob ntawm zaub rau ntawm Ridge, thaum minimizing txaus ntshai ntawm cov tsos ntawm rot thiab lwm yam kab mob. Nws muaj ntau theem:
- Cog rau hauv peat los yog yas pots ntawm me me volume. Thaum xa mus rau hauv av, hauv paus system yog yooj yim puas, yog li nws yuav tiv thaiv los ntawm kev tiv thaiv nws proliferation. Lub thoob yas ntim tau txiav thiab muab tso nrog lub pob zeb hauv av hauv qhov zawj hauv txaj.
- Kev npaj ntawm qhov dej. Nyob rau hauv lub vaj teb yog khawb qhov tob tsis tsawg tshaj li 10 cm Nyob rau hauv txhua ntawm lawv muab on ib tug puv tes ntawm humus.
- Disembarkation ntawm seedlings. Rau cultivation ntawm dawb cabbage nyob rau hauv cov av, cov av yuav tsum tsis txhob compacted: lub to top txheej yog sprinkled nrog qhuav xoob av, yog hais tias Desired, los ntawm mulching nws nrog sawdust los yog koob.
Yuav ua li cas cog ntoo dawb cabbage noob?
Bezrassadnaya cog muab cov zaub zaub ib qho tseem ceeb kom zoo: hauv paus system yog tsim tsis muaj "kev ntxhov siab" nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug hloov, yog li nws tau nce kev tiv thaiv rau mob khaub thuas thiab kab mob. Kev loj hlob ntawm lub siab sim no yog tshem tawm vim yog kev sib hloov rau 10-15 hnub. Cultivation ntawm dawb cabbage noob yog pom zoo rau qhov kev npaj no:
- Disinfection ntawm noob. Ua ntej cog, lub noob yog soaked rau 2-3 teev nyob rau hauv ib tug qaug zog daws ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate kom paub meej qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm rot thiab "dub ceg".
- Noob sowing. Lawv yog cov immersed nyob rau hauv ib lub damp av rau 2-3 cm rau 3-4 noob ib zes, thawj tua ntawm uas tshwm nyob rau 7-9 hnub tom qab sowing.
- Loosening tom qab qhov zoo li ntawm thawj cotyledonous nplooj ntoos. Yog hais tias ib feem ntawm cov nroj tsuag zoo li tsis muaj zog los yog puas, nws yog torn hauv txaj.
Yuav ua li cas deb mus rau cov nroj tsuag dawb cabbage?
Observance ntawm ib yam kev ncua deb ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog tsim nyog rau thiaj li hais tias lawv cov hauv paus systems tsis intertwined nrog txhua lwm yam, thiab cov nplooj tsis kis nrog cov kab mob uas muaj nyob rau hauv lub nyob sib ze. Qhov deb ntawm kab, pom thaum cog dawb cabbage, nyob ntawm ntau yam thiab qhov loj ntawm lub taub hau:
- ceeb thawj diav rawg qab ntawm 1 mus rau 2.5 kg - 30 cm;
- ceeb thawj diav ntim txog li 4 kg - 40 cm;
- nyhav luj ntawm 4 kg thiab saum toj no - 50 cm.
Qhov chaw ntawm cog ntawm dawb cabbage
Haum rau cog cultivated av, nplua nuj nyob rau hauv peat los yog nitrogen. Qaub thiab waterlogged xau hawv cov zaub no nrog bacteriosis. Tus cog ntawm dawb cabbage nyob rau hauv hauv av yog expedient muab hais tias qhov tseeb predecessors - qos yaj ywm, cucumbers thiab legumes. Daim ntawv teev cov kev cai xaiv lwm qhov chaw muaj xws li:
- impurity kua dej nyob hauv cov av los pab kom cov cua nkag mus;
- nruab nrab theem ntawm illumination - tsis qhib hnub thiab muaj zog ntxoov ntxoo;
- "Backstage" los ntawm siab nroj tsuag ntawm cov txaj nyob sib ze;
- qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cog dawb cabbage
Lub sij hawm ntawm cog seedlings los yog noob nyob rau hauv ib qho qhib hauv av los yog ib lub tsev xog paj nyob ntawm thaj av ntawd thiab nws cov climatic nta. Cabbage tsis yog mus rau "thawj zaug cog qoob loo", uas yog pauv mus rau ib qho chaw mus tas li ntawm txoj kev loj hlob tom qab thawj zaug sov. Cog thiab kev saib xyuas ntawm dawb cabbage tau hloov pauv vim meteorological tej yam kev mob, tab sis nws yog worthwhile rau orientate thaum cog seedlings rau cov nram qab no lub sij hawm:
- yav qab teb thaj tsam - nyob rau hauv 10-15th ntawm lub Peb Hlis Ntuj;
- txoj kab nruab nrab yog lub Peb Hlis 25-30;
- thaj tsam nrog kev nyab xeeb hnyav - May 1-15.
Loj hlob dawb cabbage nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av
Tom qab qhov hloov mus rau hauv av yuav tsum tau xeem tsawg kawg yog 20 hnub, yog li hais tias nws yog ib qhov ua tau kom to taub twg seedling muab kev vam meej tua, thiab uas - yuav lean. Nrog ib tug txias txias, tua tau them nrog yas qhwv rau 1-2 lub lim piam. Raws li lub ntsiab secrets ntawm loj hlob dawb cabbage yog xam:
- Lub sijhawm xaiv . Yog hais tias tus nroj tsuag tsis mus zoo nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub txaj, lawv tshem tawm ib co ntawm diseased nplooj los yog ib feem peb ntawm hauv paus.
- Loos tom qab los nag. Humidified av loosen mus rau ib tug tob ntawm 3-5 cm.
- Kev txwv hauv kev loj hlob. Lub outwardly sprouting txheej nplooj ntawm zaub yog txiav tawm kom loj hlob ntawm cov qoob loo.
Peculiarities ntawm loj hlob dawb cabbage - watering
Tom qab hloov mus rau cov av, lub seedlings yog watered abundantly rau hnub tom ntej, directing lub kwj ntawm cov dej nyob rau hauv hauv paus. Loj hlob sprouts ntawm dawb cabbage nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej cia li xws li ib tug Scheme ntawm watering:
- 1-2 lub lis piam tom qab disembarkation - txhua txhua 2-3 hnub;
- 3-4 lub lis piam - 1 lub sij hawm hauv 5 hnub;
- txij li 2 lub hlis - ib zaug ib lub lim tiam.
Loj hlob dawb cabbage - to top hnav khaub ncaws
Kev siv ntawm cov organic zoo chiv tso cai rau kom nce lub tawm los thiab accelerate tus txheej txheem ntawm ripening zaub. Ib tug zoo ntsuab loj yuav muab tau yog hais tias koj pib mus rau zaub cabbage rau 20 hnub tom qab cog nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho rau lub sij hawm ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob, nws yuav tsum tsim kom ua 3-5 av enrichments nrog chiv ntxiv rau dej sov rau dej. Ib tug haum fertilizer rau cog dawb cabbage yog muaj nyob rau hauv cov nram qab no daim ntawv:
- mullein ;
- superphosphate ;
- nitrofosca ;
- potassium sulfate;
- qaib droppings.
Kev saib xyuas rau dawb cabbage nyob rau hauv qhib tua
Ntxiv nrog rau cov dej thiab kev siv sij hawm thaum caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, yuav tsum tau siv cov pob kws thiab kev kho mob. Yam tsawg kawg ib hlis ib zaug, rau saum txheej ntawm av yog muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog turf hauv av los yog ib tug substrate nrog tshauv. Nws tsis yog txaus kom to taub yuav ua li cas yuav tu dawb cabbage - nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis tu ncua saib xyuas nws tus mob, tshuaj xyuas cov nplooj thiab hauv paus ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Yog hais tias nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los nqa tawm kev kho mob, qhov xaiv npaj yog tov nrog dej thiab sprinkled nrog nplooj ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Cov kab mob ntawm cabbage
Zaub yog txaus siab rau medicinal npaj, tab sis nws tsis pom zoo kom kho nws nrog tshuaj lom neeg. Qhov no ua rau cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm ib co kab mob, yog li timely kev ntsuam xyuas los ntawm kev xav txog kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv txaj. Loj hlob thiab tu rau dawb cabbage tau puzzle gardener nrog ib qho ntawm cov nram qab no kab mob:
- Cabbage whales. Cov kab mob parasitizing fungus cuam tshuam cov tub ntxhais hluas nplooj los yog nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv greenhouses. Tej zaum lawv muaj peev xwm txawm cog seedlings. On lub hauv paus thiab nplooj los ntawm fungus tshwm npij growths.
- Powdery mildew. Nws kuj hu ua peronosporosis - no fungus cuam tshuam tag nrho cov ntau yam ntawm cabbage nrog ib tug dawb txheej thiab stains ntawm daj xim.
- Fusarium. Loj hlob dawb cabbage feem ntau overshadows no fungus, uas ua pom tsuas yog thaum txiav ib nplooj. Cov nqaij ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog them nrog xim av veins.
- Mosaic tus kab mob. Muaj ib qho cuab yeej phem thiab kab peddlers, nws tau txais mus rau hauv lub qia nqaij ntawm cabbage nplooj thiab ua hloov irreversible nyob rau hauv nws. On nws tshwm sim necrotic plagi, vim hais tias ntawm cov nplooj nrog wither thiab tuag.
- Dub ceg. Nrog thickened cog, ntau watering los yog tsis txaus lub teeb, lub hauv paus hniav menyuam yuav ua ib tsos tsaus tsawv thiab thinner nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag. Cov tub ntxhais hluas seedlings yog deformed thiab poob tawm.
- Dawb rot. Tus kabmob kis kabmob no zoo li pwm. Nws npog cov pob nplooj nrog cov dawb mucous stains nrog lub "fluffy" txheej.
Cabbage pests
Ntxiv rau kis kab mob thiab cov nqaij fungal, muaj kab mob los ntawm cov kab tsuag . Lawv muaj cov tsos mob tshwm sim: lub hauv paus ntawm cov kab zaub zaub yog qhov ziab, cov nplooj tawm cov quav hniav thiab cov foci ntawm kev ua kom tau. Tswj ntawm pests ntawm cabbage muaj peev xwm ua ob qho tib si folk tshuaj, thiab kev npaj hu ua insecticides . Nyob rau hauv txaj nrog no nroj tsuag, muaj ntau zaus cab xws li:
- Caij nplooj ntoos hlav dej ya. Cov kab kab ya xub thawj cuam tshuam lub hauv paus ntawm cov nroj tsuag, tom qab ntawd pib noj cov qoob loo.
- Cabbage daus. Cov kab mob ua rau ib tug loj poob ntawm cabbage, vim hais tias caterpillars ntawm cov butterflies pub on muaj kua nplooj.
- Cabbage aphids. Ib qho me me nqus dej cab yog kho los ntawm cov neeg nyob rau hauv cov quav cawv ntawm cov pob kws, ua dej noo thiab kev muab kev pab cuam ntawm lawv.
- Cruciferae dev mub. Txov cov taw kev loj hlob, cov kab nplooj los ntawm qhov ntawm nplooj.