Nres ib qho tseem ceeb thiab unpretentious Jerusalem artichoke nyob rau dacha, cultivation ntawm no "tuberous" txheeb ze ntawm sunflower tsis siv sij hawm ntau lub sij hawm thiab pab kom tau txais ib cov qab ntxiv rau cov khoom noj txhua hnub. Hauv av pear nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm zaub mov muaj nqis yog tsis inferior mus rau qos yaj ywm, tab sis nws muaj zoo heev kho thiab kev noj haus khoom.
Yeluxalees artichoke zoo li cas?
Cov Neeg Qhab Asmeskas ntawm cov Tupinamoas pawg neeg yog thawj tus neeg tuaj yeem qhia cov zaub mov no rau cov neeg European. Lub colonists sai sai pom tau hais tias tus nqi ntawm qhov nrhiav tau thiab pab cuam mus rau kev sib kis ntawm lub ntiaj teb pear thoob ntiaj teb. Lub Yeluxalees artichoke nroj yog tsim rau loj hlob on fodder, lub tuber yuav noj. Nrog rau kis ntawm qos yaj ywm, nws qhov chaw muaj qhov tsis tshua tau qis, tab sis vim yog siab ua rau lub ntiaj teb pear hlob zoo rau tag nrho cov continents hauv cov qus.
Muaj liab, daj, dawb thiab txawm liab doog paus-cov qoob loo ntawm Jerusalem artichoke, zoo xws li nyob rau hauv cov duab mus rau ginger rootlets. Raw saj lawv sawv cev ntawm ib nrab ntawm nruab nrab ntawm turnips, asparagus, artichoke los yog qhwv cob, tsim rau ua ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov tais diav. Qhov saum toj no-av ib feem ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog zoo li lub qia ntawm ib tug sunflower, nrog uas nws yog ze ze muaj feem xyuam. Lub stems yog them nrog luv villi, qhov siab yog thaum loj hlob 3 m, txiv kab ntxwv blossoms daim ntawv rau sab saum toj.
Lub ntiaj teb kab lis kev cai yog Jerusalem artichoke, lub cultivation ntawm ntsuab loj muab silage, haylage, tov fodder. Los ntawm tubers ua ib tug zaub xam lav, siav thiab stewed lauj kaub tais diav, zaub mov hauv kaus poom. Keeb kwm yog adored ntawm rabbits, npua, yaj thiab nyuj, lawv tsa cov mis nyuj zoo thiab nce lawv cov phaus nyhav. Siv Jerusalem artichoke txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub plawv nres, ntsev tso, anemia, thiab txo acidity. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog ntseeg tau zoo raws li ib qho tseem ceeb ntxiv nyob rau hauv cov ntshav qab zib.
Jerusalem artichoke - tsiaj
Sib txawv tsiaj ntawm cov nroj tsuag forage, sib sau ua ib qho loj ntsuab loj, tab sis me me keeb kwm ntawm Jerusalem artichoke, thiab ntau yam ntawm cov zaub mov siv nrog nce tawm los ntawm tubers. Muaj cov nroj tsuag thaum ntxov thiab lig, qee cov kab no tsis dhau lub Kaum Ib Hlis Ntuj thiab tsis haum rau cov huab cua txias. Thaum lub sij hawm, ntau tshaj peb puas hybrids thiab cultivars ntawm no kab lis kev cai yog zus. Thawj cov hniav ntau yam, uas tau txais me ntsis faib nyob rau hauv peb cheeb tsam, raug coj tawm.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntau yam ntawm Yeluxalees artichoke rau loj hlob:
- Leningrad - lig tsi, tab sis dawb elongated tubers tau tag nrho ripen nyob rau hauv North-West ntawm Russia, zoo haum rau lub caij ntuj no cia.
- Omsk dawb - ib qhov nruab nrab-ripened ntau yam, lub stems loj hlob tshaj 2 m, hauv paus zaub yog spherical nyob rau hauv qhov ceeb thawj mus txog 50-55 g.
- Skorospelka - cov ntaub ntawv dawb npawv tubers ntawm zoo saj, ripening ntawm qoob loo thaum ntxov, txawv nyob rau hauv loj hlob Frost tsis kam.
- Vulgothsky - paus cov qoob loo ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog daj, ntev, yields - tshaj 100c / his. Qhov no ntau yam ntawm Jerusalem artichoke yuav zus nyob rau hauv North-West thiab North ntawm Russia.
- Txaus - ntau yam yuav thov rau cov kiv cua uas cog cov nroj tsuag hauv cov huab cua kub. Lub stems ntawm Jerusalem artichoke yog haib, erect, yields nrog ib tug lig ripening lub sij hawm.
- Sunny - lig kom loj hlob, tubers loj hlob mus rau 60g, bushes yog haib. Zoo nkauj varietal Jerusalem artichoke, loj hlob on cov khoom yog ua tau nyob rau hauv feem ntau cov cheeb tsam.
- Pasko - lig-ripening, bushes siab, cov ntaub ntawv thaum lub sij hawm cultivation keeb kwm ntawm daim ntawv ntawm dawb xim txog li 80 g.
- Qhov nrhiav tau yog lig, yielding, haum rau yav qab teb thaj tsam.
- Xov xwm Vir - tawm los ntawm ponsen pears rau 35t / his, Jerusalem artichoke yuav zus mechanically.
- Volzhsky 2 - cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo pear-puab, dawb nrog liab doog me ntsis, resistant rau tshav kub, tawm los mus txog 200t / his.
Yuav ua li cas cog ntoo Jerusalem?
Yeluxalees artichoke yog zus raws li txhua xyoo los yog raws li ntau xyoo monoculture nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam tshwj xeeb uas tau teev tseg. On liaj teb xaiv thawj qhov kev xaiv, tab sis rau lub tsev txhua txoj kev yog ua tau raws li lub hom phiaj uas cov zaub grower teem rau lawv tus kheej. Qhov siab xaiv ntawm av rau earthen pear nrog pH 6.0-7.7, qhov no nroj tsuag hlob zoo rau lub teeb loam. Nrom Yeluxalees artichoke yog ntshaw nyob rau hnub txaj los yog nyob rau hauv ib lub teeb duab ntxoov ntxoo. Koj muaj peev xwm loj hlob perennials nyob rau hauv lub perimeter ntawm dacha, thiab nqa ib qho chaw nrog lub laj kab rau nws.
Cog tube Jerusalem artichoke
Nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim siab ua li cas cog ntoo Jerusalem artichoke, qhov tseeb xaiv thiab kev kho mob ntawm tubers plays ib qho tseem ceeb heev. Noj nruab nrab ntawm qhov loj nrog qe qe keeb kwm thiab pickled nyob rau hauv ib qho kev daws ntawm manganese maub liab. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qhov ua tau kom cov txheej txheem tubers nyob rau hauv Zircon stimulator, nce germination thiab accelerating kev loj hlob ntawm tua. Nyob rau hauv kab lawv tau pw tawm nyob rau hauv 30 cm, zus nrog deb ntawm kab - mus txog 80 cm, nyob ntawm seb ntau yam. Qhov tob ntawm cog ib qho earthen pear yog 12-15 cm Yog hais tias lub Jerusalem artichoke qhuav qhuav ua ntej cog, nws yog moistened los ntawm soaking nws nyob rau hauv dej.
Jerusalem artichoke - cog noob
Seed multiplication ntawm no kab lis kev cai los ntawm amateurs yog tsis tshua siv nyob rau hauv cultivation, nws yog haum rau yug me nyuam tshiab ntau yam thaum yuav khoom siv los ntawm mail. Nws yog tsim nyog yuav tau tos ob peb xyoos kom tau tag nrho tawm los ntawm ib tug pear earthen li no. Yeluxalees artichoke thaum cog thiab laus cov noob nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo yog zoo dua loj hlob nyob rau hauv ntim, rau lub caij ntuj sov koj yuav tau txais qaug zog sprouts los yog bushes. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav peb khawb tawm cov tub ntxhais hluas me me thiab hloov lawv mus rau hauv cov av.
Jerusalem artichoke - cog lub sij hawm
Thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, qhov chaw ua hauj lwm yog ua ob peb lub lis piam ua ntej tuaj txog ntawm cov cua txias. Tom qab tso lub tubers nyob rau hauv ib tug trench, hauv av yog leveled nrog rakes. Cog Jerusalem artichoke nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm coincides nrog cog ntawm qos yaj ywm, nyob rau hauv feem ntau cov cheeb tsam nws pib los ntawm lub kawg ntawm lub Plaub Hlis tom qab cua sov cov av, raug tswj los ntawm huab cua puag.
Jerusalem artichoke - kev saib xyuas thiab cultivation
Peb tabtom ntsuam xyuas nrog qoob loo heev uas loj hlob nyob rau ntau qhov chaw txawm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov nroj tsuag, tab sis sab laug tsis tu cov nroj tsuag ua cov qoob loo cov qoob loo uas tsis muaj cov khoom muag. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas loj hlob Jerusalem artichoke nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los ua kom tiav ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov yooj yim tej yam kev mob uas pab kom tau txais mus tas li siab hlob ntawm delicious lub ntiaj teb pears.
Yuav ua li cas loj hlob Jerusalem artichoke:
- Tom qab cog peb ua loosening ntawm cov av, peb tshem tawm weedy grasses on lub txaj.
- Seedlings tshwm tom qab 2-3 lub lim piam.
- Thawj hilling ntawm bushes yog ua los ntawm lub sij hawm tus tua ncav cuag ib qhov siab ntawm 0.4-0.5 m.
- Adult shrubs nrog stems ntawm 1 m thiab saum toj no nws yog ntshaw mus khi rau ib tug hlau los yog ntoo txhawb.
- Peb loj hlob bushes raws li lawv loj hlob.
- Txiav paj pab nyob rau hauv loj hlob kom tau zoo dua yields ntawm earthen pears.
- Peb fertilize Jerusalem artichokes nrog ntxhia los yog organic npaj.
- Peb sau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg kom txog rau thaum Frost los yog caij nplooj ntoos hlav
- Nws yog ua tau rau ib qho ntawm ib lub txaj rau caij nplooj ntoos hlav harvesting, thiab mus khawb lub loj cov qoob loo nrog rau tuaj txog ntawm tshav kub, nyob rau hauv cov av, lub keeb kwm yog wintered zoo dua. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, koj yuav tsis nco cov hauj lwm ntawm kev ua hauj lwm, pub kom lub tubers yuav tua thiab yuav poob zaub mov muaj nqis.
Lub ntiaj teb pear Jerusalem artichoke - watering
Nyob rau hauv lub rainy season Yeluxalees artichoke yog unpretentious thiab tsis yuav tsum tau watering. Nyob rau hauv ib lub ntuj qhuav heev, thaum lub cua sov ruaj khov rau ob peb lub lis piam, nws yog ib qho ua tau los pab cov nroj tsuag, nchuav li 15 litres dej nyob rau hauv txhua lub hav txwv yeem. Thov nyob rau hauv lub cultivation ntawm sprinkling los yog ib txoj kev ntawm drip dej. Peb siv dej nrog kub ntawm 15 ° C mus rau 18 ° C, thaum loj hlob hauv Yeluxalees artichoke dej thaum sawv ntxov los yog yav tsaus ntuj nrog rau lub caij nyoog ntawm ob lub lis piam.
Yeluxalees artichoke nroj tsuag - to top hnav khaub ncaws
Tua ntawm earthen pears yuav pub nrog ntoo tshauv nrog lub xam kom txog 300 g ntawm khoom rau ib tug 1 m 2 ntawm av, raws li ib qho lwm txoj, ib pob zeb hauv av potassium fertilizer yog haum. Hauv kev daws teeb meem, yuav ua li cas kom loj hlob Jerusalem artichoke nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws, koj ua tsis tau yam tsis muaj nitrogen thiab microfertilizers. Cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib qho kev tov dej yog ntxiv nyob rau hauv ob fertilizing thaum lub sij hawm lub caij budding. Tom qab lub caij nplooj zeeg sau, cov av yog fertilized nrog nitrogen-phosphorus-poov tshuaj sib txuas (10 g / m 2 ), nws yog ua tau rau thov zoo-repaired manure on lub txaj.
Yuav ua li cas propagate artichoke?
Yuav ib lub tuber ntawm ib tug tshiab ntau yam, peb tsis tshua muaj ib tug tsim nqi ntawm cov khoom cog, yog li lub Yeluxalees artichoke yog zus los ntawm faib lub hauv paus cov qoob loo rau hauv qhov chaw. Cultivating pieces ntawm earthen pears nrog noj qab haus huv ob lub qhov muag, koj yuav tau txais ib tug tag nrho seedlings. Nws yog tsim nyog los tawm yam tsawg ob qho kev loj hlob hauv cov seem ntawm Yeluxalees artichoke. Qhov no yog txoj cai rau caij nplooj ntoos hlav cog, nyob rau hauv Autumn nws tsis pom zoo rau faib lub tubers.
Lub ntiaj teb pear ntoo artichoke - kab mob thiab pests
Qee lub sij hawm muaj cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob hauv Yeluxalees artichoke, yuav ua li cas kom loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv unfavorable xyoo?
- Sclerotiniosis kis stems, ua rau cov tsos mob ntawm cov quav hniav dawb. Cov kab mob hauv siab raug pom zoo kom hlawv, thiab cog cov txheej txheem "Immunocytophyte".
- Ziab ntawm nplooj thiab cov tsos ntawm qhov tsaus xim av me ntsis ua rau alternaria, kev kho mob ntawm txaj nrog fungicides yuav pab tiv thaiv tau tus kab mob - Topaz, Bayleton, Skor, Topsin.
- Medvedku , scoop , May beetle, lwm yam kab thaum lub sij hawm cultivation yog pov tseg nrog granulated npaj - Boverin, Anti-Medvedka, RembeK.