Lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav - lub sij hawm thaum tib neeg lub cev yog cov khaub thuas raws caij nyoog, mob khaub thuas, uas mob hnyav heev. Niaj hnub no, cov tuam txhab kev muag tshuaj muaj ntau yam tshuaj zoo thiab cov ntsiav tshuaj. Nrog xws li ib tug lossis loj xaiv, ib lo lus nug ntuj tsim: cov tshuaj siv los xaiv?
Hom mob hnoos hauv laus - ua rau thiab kho mob
Qhov xwm txheej zoo tsim rau tib neeg lub cev, muab lub cev nrog tiv thaiv mechanisms thiab kabmob uas tshem tag nrho cov av av, kab mob, cov kab mob thiab co toxins. Ib qho ntawm cov kev tiv thaiv kab mob yog ib qho hnoos - ib qho kev txiav txim siab ntawm lub cev, npaj kom tshem tau cov hnoos qeev ua los ntawm kev mob los yog nkag mus rau hauv lub zog ntawm ib yam khoom txawv teb chaws.
Vim li cas ho tsis hnoos?
Lub kaw lus ntawm tib neeg cov kab mob hauv lub cev nruab nrog yog cov kab mob citrated rhiab, uas muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob pathogenic. Tiv thaiv cov keeb kwm ntawm lub zog ntawm kev tiv thaiv, kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo tshwm sim hauv lub cev thiab cov qog nqaij hlav mus rau hauv lub plab, nqes qis ntawm txoj kev hlab ntsws, thiab yog tias koj tsis muaj kab mob nrog rau hnoos - qhov txheej txheem inflammatory tuaj yeem ncav cuag lub ntsws.
Kev hnoos tsis txaus ntseeg tshwm sim nyob rau hauv qhov chaw mos. Ua rau hnoos:
- kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv (tiv thaiv);
- Ua kom muaj nuj nqi - tso tawm ntawm tsob ntoo bronchial los ntawm hnoos qeev, hnoos qeev, kua paug, plua plav, khoom noj.
Mechanism kev hnoos loj hlob:
- Sib sib zog nqus pa ua kom ntev ntev li 2-3 feeb yog nrog ib qho kev txav ntawm lub paj hlwb ntawm cov leeg ntawm cov leeg ntawm lub plawv, thaum lub suab chasm kaw.
- Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov nqaij ntshiv bronchial muaj kev koom tes rau hauv tus txheej txheem, thiab nws cov laus yog nce.
- Cov nqaij ntshiv plab pib cog lus kom kov yeej kev tiv thaiv ntawm qhov kaw glottis.
- Vim yog qhov siab ntawm qhov siab siab ntawm lub siab, cov suab nrov ua rau lub qhov ncauj qhib thiab kev qaug zog nrog kev sib cais ntawm lub hnoos qeev.
Hom mob hnoos
Kev faib tawm ntawm hnoos yog sawv cev los ntawm ob pawg sab:
- qhuav hnoos ;
- ntub hnoos .
Qhuav (unproductive) hnoos yog tsi ntsees los ntawm qhov qhaj ntawv tsis tau sib cais, muab faib ua hom:
- barking;
- paroxysmal;
- ntev, protracted, nrog cov nyiam ntawm tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub mornings.
Ua rau ntawm hnoos qhuav:
- tus yeeb yam ntawm pib ARVI , kab mob khaub thuas thiab lwm yam kab mob ntsws;
- phem cwj pwm (haus luam yeeb);
- teeb meem ntawm cov kab mob sib kis.
Kev hnoos hnoos (ua kom zoo) yog los ntawm kev sib cais ntawm hnoos qeev:
- kev noj qab nyob zoo, nrog lub ploj ntawm cov tsos mob tom qab hnoos;
- khov, nrog cov quas tsis huv "vitreous" hnoos qeev.
Ua rau ntub hnoos hnoos:
- tus kab mob;
- bronchial hawb pob;
- cystic fibrosis;
- mob ntsws o;
- sinusitis;
- obstructive bronchitis;
- tuberculosis.
Siv tshuaj hnoos zoo
Yuav kom kho tau qhov hnoos tau zoo, koj yuav tau nrog ib tug kws kho mob lossis ib tus kws paub hauj lwm ntawm ENT. Kev kuaj tus kheej ntawm no yog tsis tsim nyog, vim hais tias kev hnoos tsis yog ib qho kab mob, tab sis ib qho kev mob, thiab ua rau yus xaiv cov tshuaj, koj tuaj yeem hla lub sijhawm zoo, thiab tus kab mob no nws tseem ua tau lub cev. Antitussive ntsiav tshuaj yog muab faib ua:
- ntsiav tshuaj los ntawm ib qho hnoos qhuav;
- ntsiav tshuaj los ntawm ib tug hnoos hnoos.
Ntsaws los ntawm qhuav hnoos
Qhuav hnoos muaj ib qho mob loj heev, cuam tshuam, tsis tuaj yeem pab daws. Nws feem ntau tshwm sim thaum hmo ntuj thiab thaum sawv ntxov. Kev hnoos yog qhov ua tsis tau zoo, yog li tsis muaj siv rau nws. Kev siab phem, kev sib tw sim ua rau tus neeg mob. Lub sijhawm no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev noj cov tshuaj hnoos, uas yuav ua rau kev nyuaj siab nyob rau qhov chaw hnoos.
Ntsaws nrog qhuav hnoos:
- cov yeeb-tshuaj uas tsim muaj (narcotic), kev txiav txim siab hauv nruab nrab (ncaj qha rau lub qhov hnoos hauv qhov chaw hauv medulla oblongata);
- cov tshuaj antitüstive ntawm qhov kev ua ntawm ib cheeb tsam (hauv zos).
Cov tshuaj yeeb-tshuaj muaj rau cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw thiab cov tshuaj siv tsis tshua muaj vim yog kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv, lawv tsuas yog tso tawm rau cov tshuaj. Codeine-muaj ntsiav tshuaj:
- Terpinkod;
- Kodelak;
- Codterpine;
- Tedein;
- Caffetin;
- Nurofen ntxiv.
Cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm raug coj tuaj yeem sawv cev ntawm cov chaw muag tshuaj nyob hauv ntau qhov chaw. Qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov tshuaj yog zoo tshaj plaws entrusted rau tus kws kho mob. Tshuaj siv nrog pov thawj ua tau zoo:
- Libexin - pheej yig tab sis zoo ntsiav tshuaj tiv thaiv hnoos;
- Ambroghexal - nyem tuaj ntawm thawj hnub los yog hnub thib ob;
- Bithidion - zoo ntsiav tshuaj tiv thaiv hnoos, phiv los yog tsis tseem ceeb;
- Omnitus - txo cov kev tawm tsam ntawm hnoos;
- Glaucin - cov nyhuv tshwm sim tom qab ib nrab teev tom qab kev siv tshuaj;
- Falimint - cov yeeb tshuaj muaj ib qho kev ntxim nyiam ntawm lub bronchi;
- Tusuprex - tsis yog hom tshuaj.
Ntsaws los ntawm ib tug hnoos hnoos
Txhais tau tias muaj ib qho kev mob hnoos hawb pob yog cov tshuaj tsis txaus ntseeg nrog kev sib lees ntawm cov cai thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm tiv thaiv. Cov ntsiav tshuaj ntawm ib qho hnoos hnoos yuav pib siv nyob rau theem, thaum hnoos tau zoo. Cov tshuaj rau ntub hnoos (expectorant):
- Mukaltin - ntsiav tshuaj muaj ib tug nroj tsuag Extract ntawm althea keeb kwm, uas muaj expectorant zog;
- Ambroxol yog ib qho tshuaj pheej yig rau tshuaj tsw qab;
- Bromhexine - tus kab mob zoo mucolytic nrog nrog cov nyhuv expectorant hauv cov kab mob ntsws bronzial;
- GeloMirtol forte - dilutes xoos mucus thiab tshem tawm los ntawm bronchi;
- Ascoril - qhia phlegm, txo kev mob ntawm lub hauv siab.
Kev hnoos hnoos ua ke
Antitussive yeeb tshuaj ntawm tov txiav txim muaj ob peb lub zog zoo:
- kev tua ntawm qhov mob hnoos;
- dilution ntawm hnoos qeev;
- stimulation ntawm expectoration;
- nyem ntawm o;
- antibacterial thiab antiviral siv.
Ntsiav tshuaj rau hnoos nrog ua ke nrog:
- Stoptussin - nres qhov tsis txaus ntseeg qhov mob thiab muaj cov khoom vaj khoom tsev;
- ATSTS Ntev - effervescent ntsiav tshuaj los ntawm hnoos - muaj mucolytic thiab expectorant teebmeem, yog siv rau hnoos nrog cov hnoos khov;
- Cov ntsaws los ntawm hnoos nrog thermopsis - kev pheej yig thiab kev kho mob siv rau ob qho tib si qhuav (hnoos zoo), thiab thaum ntub (txhawb nqa qhov qaug dej qaub);
- Kodelak Broncho - antibacterial, anti-inflammatory thiab expectorant teebmeem;
- Vix Active - liquefies thiab qhia txog daim npav bronchial.
Ntsiav tshuaj rau hnoos thaum cev xeeb tub
Thaum cev xeeb tub, ib tug poj niam yuav muaj kev tiv thaiv ntawm kev tiv thaiv thiab ua rau cov khaub thuas raws caij nyoog. Kev hnoos tau hnoos thaum uas cev xeeb tub kuj tseem ceeb, tab sis yuav ua li cas tsis ua mob rau tus me nyuam yav tom ntej. Tus kws kho mob yuav tsum xaiv cov ntsiav tshuaj nrog rau ib qho kev phom sij tsawg. Sau cov tshuaj rau hnoos uas siv tau thaum cev xeeb tub:
- Dr. Thais;
- Travisil;
- Bronchicum;
- Mukaltin;
- Bromhexine (II - III trimester).
Yuav ua li cas noj tshuaj rau hnoos?
Ntau npaum li cas thiab sijhawm ntawm lub sijhawm yuav tsum xaiv tus kws kho mob. Cov lus qhia txog kev siv tau raug qhia hauv cov tshuaj siv tshuaj. Cov ntsiav tshuaj los ntawm hnoos ua ntej los yog tom qab noj mov, 3 - 4 zaug hauv ib hnub, ntxuav dej huv. Kev siv nyiaj ntev heev yog siv 1 zaug hauv ib hnub. Lub chav kho mob yog 5 - 7 hnub. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias kev noj tshuaj rau tus kheej tsis zoo rau lub neej.