Rau cov tsis paub hais tias vim li cas, cov ntaub so ntswg epithelial ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab cov mucous membrane tej zaum kuj txawv txav rau hauv malignant neoplasms. Cov mob qog no muaj ntau rau cov neeg ntawm Caucasian haiv neeg ntawm qib siab tshaj (tom qab 60-65 xyoos). Yog tias muaj kev tshuaj ntsuam genetic predisposition, lawv raug kuaj hauv cov menyuam yaus.
Cov kab mob qog cell carcinoma - mob
Cov lus piav qhia txog kev loj hlob sai sai thiab metastasizes txawm nyob rau theem pib ntawm txoj kev loj hlob, yog li nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom kuaj xyuas lub qog nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm thiab tam sim ntawd pib kho. Kev kuaj mob yog raug mob raws li kev kuaj xyuas ntawm tus neeg mob thiab ib qho anamnesis nrog cov lus qhia ntxaws txog cov tsos mob muaj. Cov hom kab mob khees xaws tshaj plaws yog tus kab mob squamous cell carcinoma, uas zoo li lub voj voog loj. Nws yog qhov nyuaj kom paub qhov txawv ntawm qhov kev loj hlob zoo, vim tias nws tswj kom tso cov pa metastases mus rau cov qog ntshav siab thiab kab mob hauv.
Yuav kom mob cancer thiab lwm yam kev mob cancer ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb muaj ntau:
- Tshuaj ntsuam xyuas cov roj ntsha (kua, ntshav);
- txoj hnyuv;
- oncological vaj huam sib luag;
- magnetic resonance thiab computed tomography ;
- duab hluav taws xob;
- Ultrasound diagnostics.
Kheev qw feem ntau ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm tes
Qee hom qog nqaij hlav hauv cov qauv thiab cov qauv no yuav luag zoo tib yam rau cov ntaub so ntswg noj qab nyob zoo, raws li lawv tau loj hlob. Xws li hom kab mob oncological neoplasms yog hu ua cov kws sib txawv heev. Tus kab mob squamous cell carcass tsis yooj yim pom zoo, yog li kev kuaj ntshav tshwj xeeb yog tsim los txheeb xyuas cov khoom tshwj xeeb uas tsuas pom cov qog uas tau kuaj pom. Thaum lub sij hawm txoj kev tshawb no, ib tus kab mob squamous cell carcinoma antigen yog nrhiav hauv qhov roj ntsha. Cov chaw soj ntsuam kab mob kev nkeeg tau teev lus cim no ua cov ntawv SCC los yog SCCA.
Moderately sib txawv squamous cell carcinoma
Daim ntawv qhia txog neoplasms muaj hlwb uas tau hloov ntawm kev hloov. Cov mob qog no yooj yim rau kev tshawb nrhiav vim lawv cov qauv thiab kev tswj tsis tau. Moderately differentiated cancer kuj tshem tawm cov squamous cell carcinoma antigen SCCA, tab sis nyob rau hauv ib qho kev nce ntxiv. High concentration ntawm cov cim qhia tau ntxov paub tias pathology thiab qhov pib ntawm kev kho.
Qes tsis tshua sib txuam cell carcinoma
Qhov no yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws rau qog rau kab mob. Nws yog ib qho nqaij txawv ntawm kev noj qab nyob zoo. Qes tsis tshua muaj zis cell carcinoma muaj cov kabmob tsis sib haum, cov kabmob tsis sib xws nrog cov pob txha tsis zoo. Nyob rau hauv nws cov qauv, cov ntaub so ntswg tsis muaj kiag li, yog li no daim ntawv qhia meej neoplasm tau tshwm sim tam sim ntawd los ntawm kev siv nqaij los yog lwm txoj kev tshawb nrhiav.
Squamous squamous keratinizing cancer
Thaum tus kab mob pathological ntawm txoj kev ua kom tiav, nws pib faib, faib nws cov pob txha tsis haum. Yog tias squamous cell carcinoma mob nrog pob kws, qee cov nqaij cov qog pib tuag. Mutated clone hlwb poob peev xwm faib thiab noog keratin. Qhov no yog tshwm sim raws li qhov tsos ntawm lub neoplasm ntawm tuab crusts ntawm yellowish xim.
Cov mob cancer nonkeratinized
Nyob rau hauv qhov teeb meem tau piav, kev sib faib tsis sib faib ntawm tus xovtooj nyob rau hauv txheej txheej prickly kuj tshwm sim, tab sis cov pob txha tsis tuag. Cov kab mob uas tsis yog-cov kab mob khees-xaws-xees yog qhov feem ntau qhov mob qog nqaij hlav cancer, vim tias nws txoj kev loj hlob sai sai tas li. Cov kab mob hloov kho lub plawv tsis tso pob keratin, tab sis txhua lub sij hawm lawv clone thiab pib metastases mus rau cov qog ntshav ntawm lub cev thiab cov kab mob nyob sib ze.
Squamous cell carcinoma ntawm daim tawv nqaij
Feem coob (kwv yees li ntawm 90%) ntawm tus neeg mob ntawm qhov teebmeem hauv cov lus nug no muaj nyob rau hauv cov pab pawg neeg nce hlwb. Neoplasms feem ntau tshwm rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub cev raug ultraviolet hluav taws xob (ntsej muag, caj dab thiab tes). Cov mob cancer ntawm tes - cov tsos mob:
- kev loj hlob lossis hloov pauv, xim ntawm hnub yug , mob ntsws;
- ua mob nyob rau hauv palpation ntawm lub qog;
- khaus;
- lub sijhawm ua hluav taws kub;
- liab liab nyob ib ncig ntawm thaj tsam cuam tshuam;
- o ntawm daim tawv nqaij surrounding;
- ua txhaum ntawm kev raug mob nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm kev puas tsuaj.
Cov hlab ntws qog cell ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam
Ib tug yam ntxwv ntawm qhov chaw ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm no qog yog thaj av ntawm txoj kev hloov ntawm multilayer epithelium rau hauv cylindrical epithelium. Gynecologists hais tias squamous cell carcinoma ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam tsim tawm tsam tom qab ntawm tus neeg muaj kab mob papillomavirus hnyav. Tus kab mob no nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntev ntev tau pom muaj nyob rau hauv 75% ntawm cov neeg mob uas tau piav qhia txog pathology. Kev mob qog nqaij hlav ntawm ncauj tsev menyuam hauv plab yog ib yam kab mob, vim hais tias tus qauv ntawm cov multilayer epithelium ua rau lub hlwb nyob hauv kev tswj tsis tau tswj. Cov cim cov cim qhia tsis yog:
- los ntshav tam sim ntawd tom qab sib thab;
- mob ib txwm mob hauv cheeb tsam pubic;
- ua txhaum ntawm defecation;
- hemorrhages sab nraum lub cev;
- mob thaum lub caij ua ke;
- teeb meem nrog tso zis.
Cov mob ntsws ntawm lub ntsws ntawm lub ntsws
Hom mob neoplasm no muaj qeeb dua li lwm hom kab mob thiab tsis ntev los no tsis muaj cov mob tshwm sim. Cov mob ntsws ntawm lub ntsws ntawm lub ntsws muaj thoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khawm, feem ntau nws loj hlob hauv lub hauv paus ntawm lub cev (khwv yees li 70% ntawm tus neeg mob), qee zaus tus mob no tau kuaj pom hauv cov phab ntsa bronchial. Raws li qhov loj tuaj, cov ntaub so ntswg cancer provokes thaiv (rhuav) ntawm txoj hlab ntsws. Nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia, nws ua kom muaj kab noj hniav nrog necrosis hauv nruab nrab thiab tso cai ntau yam kabmob.
Pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma muaj xws li daim duab saib:
- lub caij nyoog hnoos qhuav heev ;
- expectoration ntawm cov ntshav;
- nquag kev koom tes ntawm mob ntsws o thiab lwm yam kabmob inflammatory;
- kev xav ntawm tsis muaj cua;
- ua tsis taus pa luv luv.
Squamous cell carcinoma ntawm larynx
Qhov piav qhia ntawm malignant qog yuav ua tau ntawm 2 hom:
- Infiltrative-ulcerative los yog endophytic squamous cell carcinoma ntawm lub plawv - ua ntej ib qho kev me me nrig knot tshwm rau ntawm epithelium, uas nws thiaj li ulcerates. Tom qab ib pliag, ib lub ntug kev ua kom zoo li qub tau rov tsim dua. Ulcers tob zuj zus thiab sib tshuam, sib sau ua ib thaj tsam loj heev.
- Pob Yuaj Hlis ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm tes (exophytic carcinoma). Lub neoplasm muaj cov tsos ntawm ib lub voj voog loj loj nrog rau qeeb qeeb. Nws nce nyob rau hauv qhov siab, tuaj yeem them rau cov tawv daj horny, cov nplaum thiab cov qauv nruab ntug.
Yam ntxwv nta:
- txhaws suab;
- aphonia;
- txog kev ua tsis taus pa;
- qhuav hnoos;
- kev xav ntawm qhov muaj ib yam khoom txawv teb chaws nyob hauv caj pas (pob);
- hemoptysis.
Cov mob khees xaws npauj ntawm cov hlab pas
Txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm qhov kev sib tua ntawm hom malignant neoplasm no yuav ua rau muaj cov kab mob hnyav hnyuv. Tawm tsam nraub qaum ntawm casting pais plab kua txiv mus rau hauv esophagus, ib qho hlav me me tuaj rau ntawm nws cov phab ntsa, uas maj mam ncav ib qho loj me me. Vim yog tsis paub meej, kev kho mob squamous cell carcinoma feem ntau pib nyob rau theem qis. Feem Ntau Yam Kev Mob:
- kev mob nkeeg hauv thaj av hauv cov cheeb tsam ntawm cov tub ua yeeb yam;
- dysphagia (teeb meem nqos);
- ntuav ntshav ntuav;
- tsis kaj siab rau ntawm pa, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog hais tias tus mob qog nqaij hlav los yog kab mob kis tau tus kab mob;
- belching nrog slices ntawm cov khoom noj;
- heartburn;
- ntshav streaks nyob rau hauv cov quav.
Cov kab mob qog cell ntawm lub plawv
Tus mob qog ntawm cov lus qhia hauv zos los ntawm cov kev kuaj mob pom zoo li hemorrhoids, yog li cov neeg mob tig mus rau ntawm oncologist twb nyob rau theem qis ntawm pathology. Carcinoma ntawm lub qhov quav yog feem ntau ua ke nrog lwm yam kev puas tsuaj hauv lub nruab nrog - tawg rau hauv qhov quav, qhov mob thiab thrombosis ntawm cov leeg. Cov tsos mob tshwj xeeb:
- kev xav ntawm ib lub teb chaws txawv hauv lub qhov quav;
- khaus hauv los yog ze ntawm qhov quav;
- mob hauv qhov quav;
- teeb meem nrog defecation, yog cem quav lossis lawv cov kev hloov nrog raws plab;
- "Yaj quav" - lub rooj zaum hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov khoom me me;
- Stitching mob hauv plab sab laug plab;
- qhov tso tawm ntawm cov ntshav tom qab muab qhov hnyuv ntawm txoj hnyuv, cov roj ntsha tuaj yeem ci liab, tuaj yeem npog cov teeb meem quav;
- mob mob hauv tsev thiab mus kev.
Caj npawb ntawm lub plab cell carcinoma ntawm tus nplaig
Muaj 3 hom pob txha ntawm hom pob txha:
- Infiltrative. Txoj kev loj hlob zoo li lub foob, zoo tib yam nyob rau hauv qhov siab kom noj qab haus huv cov ntaub so ntswg. Tus kab mob qog cell infiltrative yog ib tug tuberous qog, muaj qhov muag plooj ciam av thiab qhov teeb meem mob mob hnyav thaum lub zog thiab palpation ntawm tus nplaig.
- Ulcerative. Ntawm lub cev muaj thaum xub thawj me me, uas tob tob thiab nthuav dav.
- Papillary. Squamous cell carcinoma yog pom meej pom visually, cov qog muaj daim ntawv ntawm lub npas, kom meej meej protruding saum lub npoo ntawm lub cev epithelium. Hom kab mob neoplasm no qeeb qeeb dua li cov tsiaj ntawv saum toj no.
Cancer ntawm tus nplaig - cov tsos mob:
- mob hauv qhov ncauj kab noj hniav;
- tsis zoo kho ulcers rau saum npoo;
- kub hauv qhov ncauj;
- khaus;
- nqus pa ua pa;
- los ntshav;
- nyuaj qhib lub qhov ncauj thiab noj mov;
- copying salivation;
- poob phaus;
- o los yog o ntawm lub ntsej muag, caj dab;
- loosening thiab poob ntawm cov hniav;
- ntshav cov pos hniav;
- qhov muaj cov ntxhuab los yog pob tw rau hauv qhov ncauj.