Txij li 3 lub hlis, cov me nyuam tau txais DPT ntau zaus. Ib qho ntawm nws lub hauv paus yog cov kab mob pertussis (micrial hlwb) (hauv qhov ntsuas tau ntau). Yog tias tsis muaj kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv, tus me nyuam yuav kis tau cov kab mob no yuav ua rau nws loj tuaj, xws li kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim teeb meem.
Pertussis - Tus kab mob no yog dab tsi?
Lub npe ntawm pathology los ntawm Fabkis "laqueluche", ib lo lus onomatopoeic txhais hais tias lub suab qw qw lossis qaib qw qw. Hauv cov tshuaj, muaj ib lub ntsiab txhais meej txog kev mob hnoos hawb pob - muaj kab mob kis kab mob hauv lub siab mob, uas yog cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Tus kab mob no yog tus catarrhal ua ke nrog nrog spasmodic tawm tsam hnoos heev.
Hawb hnoos - Ua rau
Qhov mob no ua rau cov kab gram tsis pom zoo, uas yog kis tau yooj yim los ntawm cov kab mob hauv plab. Tus neeg sawv cev ntawm tus kabmob hnoos hawb pob yog kab Aerobic Bordetella pertussis. Nws tsis txawv hauv kev ruaj ntseg mus rau ib puag ncig, sov thiab humid tej yam kev mob siab rau nws lub neej, uas piav txog lub caij ntuj ntawm cov pathology (feem ntau caij nplooj ntoo hlav thiab caij nplooj zeeg). Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom kuaj tau cov kab mob pertussis thaum me nyuam yaus, cov kev mob tshwm sim thiab kev kho mob ntawm tus kab mob yog yooj yim dua rau thaum ntxov ntawm tus kab mob. Tsis li, muaj teeb meem loj tuaj yeem tshwm sim tau.
Pertussis - lub sijhawm ua haujlwm
Tom qab nyob ze nrog tus neeg mob, tus me nyuam tsis tuaj yeem tshwm sim muaj kab mob ntawm tus kab mob. Pertussis hauv cov menyuam yaus ua ntej pib nyiag. Cov kab mob maj mam muab khi rau hauv cov qog nqaij ntawm cov kab mob hauv lub cev, thiab hauv cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ua rau lawv tso cov co toxins uas ua rau cov tsos mob tshwm sim. Qhov tsim kom ntev li ntawm 5-9 hnub, tsis tshua muaj nws nce mus txog 20 hnub.
Dab tsi txaus ntshai rau kev hnoos hawb pob?
Yog tias tsis muaj kev kho kom raws sij hawm, qhov kev piav qhia pathology ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv me nyuam yaus, kev hnoos hawb hnoos yog qhov txaus ntshai hauv cov me nyuam, cov tsos mob thiab kev kho hauv cov me nyuam mos tsis yooj yim rau kev tshawb nrhiav thiab xaiv. Ntawm cov me nyuam hauv thawj lub hlis ntawm lub neej, muaj qhov siab ua tau ntawm kev txawm tias muaj kev tuag ntau dua. Qhov txaus ntshai rau kev hnoos hawb pob hauv cov menyuam yaus:
- mob ntsws o ;
- ua tsis taus pa;
- encephalopathy;
- lag ntseg;
- kev sib ceg;
- mob qaug dab peg;
- lub cev qhuav dej ntawm lub ntsws los yog nws lub lobe;
- swb ntawm tus nplaig bridle;
- ruptured eardrum;
- subcutaneous emphysema;
- tshwm sim pneumothorax;
- acidosis;
- paresis ntawm cranial qab haus huv;
- hernia (inguinal, umbilical);
- bronchiolitis thiab lwm tus.
Cov tsos mob ntawm hnoos hawb pob nyob rau hauv tus menyuam
Daim duab saib mob tam sim ntawd tom qab kis tau tus kab mob thiab thaum lub sij hawm tsim kom loj hlob tsis tuaj. Thawj cov cim qhia ntawm hnoos hawb hnoos tau pom tom qab 4-20 hnub txij li lub sijhawm ntawm tus kab mob. Lawv qhov hnyav thiab tus nqi yog nyob ntawm qhov dav dav ntawm tus menyuam thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev. Symptomatic pathology tseem sib raug mus rau theem ntawm nws kev mob.
Pertussis Lub Sijhawm
Muaj 3 cov theem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob uas nthuav qhia. Cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob yog nyob ntawm seb lub sij hawm muaj kev mob hawb pob hauv cov menyuam yaus. Feem ntau, cov kev qhia ntxov ntawm cov niam txiv pathology raug tsis lees paub. Ua ntej, tus kab mob pertussis tsa tus qauv ARI lossis ARVI. Cov theem ntawm kis mob ntawm qhov ua pa nyeg:
- Catarrhal (prodromal). Cov me nyuam tus mob zoo txaus. Me ntsis nce lub cev kub, muaj kev puas siab ntsws, ntxhov siab vim, tsaug zog teeb meem. Muaj ib qho hnoos qhuav thiab mob khaub thuas muaj zog, mob taub hau.
- Spasmodic. Cov tsos mob yuav mob heev, kev kho mob tsis pab. Rau lub sij hawm no yog cov uas tau tawm tsam ntawm ib qho hnoos. Nyob rau ntawm ib qho kev qhuab qhia ntawm ib tug me nyuam xav tias muaj kev xav hauv caj pas, muaj kev ntshai, siab nyob hauv siab. Hnoos tshee hnyav heev, muaj zog nrog hawb pob thiab ua pa hnyav heev. Thaum lub sij hawm muaj kev raug mob ntawm cov me nyuam, lub ntsej muag swells, cov leeg ntawm lub caj dab swell, cov hlab ntsha pom tshwm nyob rau hauv ob lub qhov muag, muaj salivation thiab lacrimation, tej zaum cov tawv nqaij ua xiav daj ntseg. Tom qab hnoos kiav txhab, ib qho qis me ntsis ntawm hnoos qeev yog expectorated.
- Rov ua dua (kev daws teeb meem). Nrog rau txoj kev kho kom zoo, cov tsos mob ntawm cov tsos mob maj mam txo. Cov me nyuam yaus muaj qaug zog, tab sis tsis muaj zog, txob txob thiab hnoos yog ntev heev. Lub sijhawm no yog 2-8 lub lim tiam.
Hnoos hnoos hawb pob
Qhov kev siv thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov kev kos npe ntawm pathology nyob ntawm lub caij nyoog ntawm nws chav kawm. Ua ntej, qhov hnoos qhuav hnoos nrog rau hnoos hawb hnoos hauv cov menyuam yaus, cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob thaum ntxov mas feem ntau tsis lees paub, vim hais tias cov niam txiv tau pom tus menyuam txoj kev mob nkeeg raws li mob khaub thuas los yog mob hypothermia. Maj mam, daim duab saib mob khov kho. Tus kab mob ntawm hnoos hawb hnoos hnoos hawb pob hnoos nrog cov nram qab no:
- ib co kev tshee hnyav heev (2-15 cycles);
- muaj cov ncauj lus - kev ua pa ntsiag to nrog nws cov lus thuam;
- lub ntsej muag cyanotic colouration, puffiness;
- kev txhawj xeeb ntawm kev tuag;
- ua pa luv luv;
- o ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm caj dab, lub ntsej muag nyob rau hauv ob lub qhov muag;
- qhov tawm ntawm cov hnoos qeev vitreous hnoos kawg ntawm qhov kev sib zog;
- ib tug rwj rau ntawm tus nplaig ntawm tus nplaig;
- txhaws suab;
- ntuav.
Qhib nrog hnoos hawb pob
Tsis muaj ib qho kev hnov mob ntawm cov kab mob uas tau piav qhia lossis tawv nqaij. Nws tsis tshua pom muaj qee qhov chaw pom qhov kabmob hnoos hawb hnoos, cov tsos mob ntawm tus me nyuam qee zaum kuj muaj pob liab liab. Qhov no yog qhov taw tes me me, tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tawg ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv cov txheej txheem epidermal thaum lub sijhawm hnoos. Lawv maj mam kho lawv tus kheej.
Kev kuaj mob ntawm pertussis
Nws muaj ntau txoj kev los xyuas tias qhov kev mob ntawm cov kab mob pathology nyob rau hauv nqe lus nug. Ua ntej koj yuav tsum tau mus ntsib cov kws kho mob:
- tus kws kho mob;
- otolaryngologist;
- infectiologist.
Tom qab kev sab laj thiab cov tshuaj hu ua anamnesis, cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav xa tus menyuam mus rau kev sim lossis kev kawm txog lub cev. Lub ntsiab ntawm txoj kev kuaj kab mob yog qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov kab mob hnoos hawb pob kom tawm tau qhov kab mob pathogen. Ua ib cov khoom rau txoj kev tshawb no, smear los ntawm pharynx los yog hnoos qeev expectorated thaum hnoos hnoos. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no tsuas yog ntseeg tau nyob rau thawj lub lim tiam ntawm tus kab mob voos. Ib hlis tom qab kis mob, kab mob Bordetella pertussis tsis tuaj yeem raug cais tawm.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntshav pertussis tau kuaj ntau yam:
- Kev ntsuam xyuas dav dav. Nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau txheeb xyuas cov cim ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm cov kab mob hauv lub cev - nce qib ntawm leukocytes thiab lymphocytes.
- Kev Txhom Tshuaj Txhaj Tshuaj (ELISA). Kev kuaj pom, uas tam sim ntawd pom zoo los yog tsis pom zoo muaj qhov kab mob hawb pob.
- Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm kev ncaj thiab tsis ncaj ncees hemagglutination (RPGA thiab RNGA). Antibodies mus rau causative tus neeg sawv cev ntawm pathology yog qhia.
- Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv Polymerase (PCR). Cultivation ntawm cov kab mob nyob rau hauv ib tug medium medium rau ob peb hnub.
Pertussis - kho mob
Txoj kev kho nyob ruaj ruaj yuav tsum tau tsuas yog muaj qhov nruab nrab thiab loj heev ntawm tus kab mob, infecting infants. Kev kho cov kabmob hnoos hawbpob hauv cov menyuam yaus yog nyob tom tsev nrog rau cov lus qhia nram qab no:
- Cais tus mos ab kom txog thaum nws kis tau.
- Tu txhua tus menyuam tu lub tsev.
- Tuav lub siab vaum txias thiab chaw sov li ntawm 18-20 degrees.
- Nquag airing, txav airflow.
- Ntiav lub cev thiab kev puas siab puas ntsws.
- Maj mam noj cov zaub mov uas muaj cov vitamins thiab minerals tawm kom txaus. Nws yog ntshaw kom dawb huv khoom noj, muab nws tsuas sov.
- Ntau haus dej.
- Taug kev 1-2 teev 1-2 zaug hauv ib hnub (yog tias tus me nyuam tsis yog qhov chaw kis kab mob).
Kev hnoos hawb pob - ua li cas yog thaum muaj kev sib kis?
Yog tias tus kab mob no tsis muaj teeb meem, tsis muaj kev tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau ua.
Yooj yim txoj kev los daws qhov hnoos hawb hnoos nrog hnoos
- Ua kom cov av nyob hauv chav.
- Coj tus menyuam kom txias txias.
- Nrawm tus menyuam thiab qaij rau pem hauv ntej.
- Tshem lub nraub qaum los pab ua kom cov hnoos qeev.
- Thov ib tug txias compress on qhov ntswg cheeb tsam.
Thaum twg muaj cov cim qhia tias tsis muaj pa oxygen defecation, koj yuav tsum hu rau pab pawg kho mob kub ceev. Cov kws kho mob siv txoj kev siv ntau dua, yuav ua li cas kho kabmob hnoos hawbpob hauv cov menyuam yaus:
- khoom cua pob txha;
- txhaj cov koob tshuaj uas muaj vitamins B1, B6 thiab C;
- kabmob kev cai ntawm Seduxen.
Cov tshuaj siv nrog pertussis
Tshuaj kho mob yuav raug xaiv thiab raug xaiv los ntawm ib tus kws kho mob nyob rau hauv raws li theem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm pathology, nws qhov hnyav. Kev kho mob ntawm tus kabmob hnoos hawbpob hauv cov menyuam yaus uas muaj tshuaj tua kab mob yog ua tiav tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau lub sijhawm catarrhal. Tom qab ntawd, cov kab mob bacteria-pathogens yog nyob ntawm yus lub cev nrog kev hnoos thiab sib cais ntawm hnoos qeev. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob siv:
- Flemoxin ;
- Ampicillin;
- Erythromycin;
- Augmentin;
- Sumamed ;
- Gentamycin thiab lwm tus.
Txoj kev ntxiv tshuaj, tshuaj kho kabmob hnoos hawbpob, qhia txog kev siv cov tshuaj nram qab no rau tus kws kho mob sau:
- kev tsim txom (Codelak, Sinekod );
- Neuroleptics (Propazine, Aminazine);
- benzodiazepines (tizanidine, baclofen);
- tshuaj antihistamine (Suprastin, Pipolphen);
- corticosteroid hormones (Prednisolone, Methylprednisolone).
Tus mob physiotherapy kuj pab tshem tawm kabmob hnoos hawb pob hauv cov menyuam yaus, cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob los ntawm:
- oxygen inhalations;
- zaws ntawm lub nraub qaum thiab hauv siab, uas pab txhawb kev nthuav tawm expectoration;
- kev ua pa xws li gymnastics;
- inhaled nebulizer .
Kev hnoos hawb pob - kev kho mob ntawm cov menyuam yaus
Tag nrho cov kev kho mob lwm yam yog tswj kev txhim kho lub expectoration ntawm mucus, tshem tawm cov kab mob hauv lub cev. Cov kev kho mob uas nrov siab tshaj plaws ntawm kabmob hnoos hawb pob ua rau cov teebmeem nram no:
- tshem tawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv lub plawv thiab suab nrov;
- txhim kho kev ua pa;
- txhawm rau pom cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob;
- normalization ntawm lub cev kub;
- cupping ntawm inflammatory txheej txheem.
Tshuaj ntsuab hnoos rau hnoos hawb hnoos hauv cov menyuam yaus
Cov khoom xyaw :
- hauv paus ntawm elecampane yog 100 g;
- txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm coriander - 100 g;
- berries thiab pob kws bark - 100 g;
- St. John lub Wort - 100 g;
- calendula paj - 100 g;
- Rose hips - 100 g;
- eucalyptus nplooj - 100 g;
- Peppermint - 100 g;
- boiling dej - 500 ml.
Kev npaj, daim ntawv thov
- Sib tov tag nrho cov khoom xyaw.
- Muab tso rau hauv ib lub thawv 2 tbsp. spoons ntawm tus sau.
- Ncuav lawv nrog dej npau npau.
- Thuam 8-10 xuab moos, koj tuaj yeem tawm mus rau yav hmo ntuj.
- Txiav qhov kev daws teeb meem.
- Muab pub rau tus me nyuam thib peb ntawm iav Txoj kev lis ntshav 3-4 zaug ib hnub twg.
Haus los kho tus kab mob pertussis
Cov khoom xyaw :
- mis nyuj - 1 iav;
- qej - 5 lub noob qoob loo;
- zib mu - 0,5 tsp.
Kev npaj, daim ntawv thov
- Tev lub qej, txiav mus rau hauv me me cubes.
- Boil nws nyob rau hauv cov mis nyuj rau 3-5 feeb (tshaj tsawg cua sov).
- Lim lub haus, sweeten nrog zib mu.
- Muab tus me nyuam me rau nruab hnub thaum nruab hnub.
Zaub kua zaub los ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm hnoos hawb pob hauv cov me nyuam
Cov khoom xyaw :
- nplooj ntawm plantain - 1 tbsp. diav;
- dej - 1 iav;
- Cherry jam - mus saj.
Kev npaj, daim ntawv thov
- Ncuav boiled nyom crushed nyom plantain.
- Ntsiag 2 xuab moos.
- Txiav cov tshuaj.
- Sweeten nrog jam (xaiv).
- Cov me nyuam muab 1 tbsp. diav ntawm kev khwv rau 20 feeb ua ntej noj mov, 4 zaug ib hnub twg.
Ua ntej ntawm pertussis
Txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv kab mob yog kev txhaj tshuaj raws sij hawm. Qhov txheej txheem txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kabmob hnoos hawb pob yog DTP . Ntxiv nrog rau tus kab mob no, nws ua hauj lwm raws li kev tiv thaiv ntawm diphtheria thiab tetanus. Thawj zaug txhaj tshuaj tom qab 3 lub hlis. Revaccination muaj 2 ntau cov txheej txheem, lub caij nyoog nruab nrab ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj yog 6 lub lis piam. Koj tuaj yeem hloov DPT nrog lwm cov tshuaj:
- Tetrakok;
- Infanriks;
- Triazeliuvaks;
- Pentaxim;
- Tetraksim.