Hemoblastoses muab ib pawg loj ntawm cov kab mob malignant ntawm lymphatic thiab hematopoietic system. Lawv yog cov uas tsis muaj kev tswj hwm thiab kev txuam nrog cov nqaij ntawm cov pob txha uas tsis muaj zog ntawm cov kua qaub uas tau ploj mus rau qhov tshwj xeeb.
Hom mob cancer ntshav
Cov lus piav qhia tau muab faib ua 2 pawg:
- leukemia (cev nqaij daim tawv);
- lymphomas (lub regional).
Cov poj niam mob cancer hauv cov poj niam muaj ntau hom thawj zaug, nws tseem hu ua leukemia lossis proteinosis. Raws li hom mob tamsim no, mob thiab mob tsis zoo mob heev. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thawj zaug, leukemias tuaj rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no:
- monoblast;
- lymphoblastic;
- myelomonoblast;
- erythromyeloblast;
- myeloblast;
- undifferentiated;
- megakaryoblastny.
Cov kab mob ntev ntawm tus kab mob yog tuaj ntawm cov kab mob leukemias:
- myeloma;
- basophilic;
- myelocytic;
- eosinophilic;
- myelomonocytic;
- neutrophilic;
- myeloid leukemia;
- Cesari tus kab mob;
- qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tus mob thrombocythemia;
- monocytic;
- muaj tseeb tiag ntawm tus mob polycythemia (erythremia);
- lymphocytic leukemia ;
- histiocytosis X;
- Franklin hnyav saw kab mob;
- Lub hauv paus macroglobulinemia ntawm Waldenstrom.
Thawj cov cim qhia txog ntshav qog nqaij hlav hauv cov poj niam
Thaum lub sij hawm kev vam meej ntawm leukemia ib qho loj npaum li cas ntawm cov leukocytes immature accumulate nyob rau hauv lub cev kua. Lawv kuaj xyuas cov ntshav ntawm cov ntshav - cov tsos mob ntawm cov poj niam yog vim qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub cev thiab lub cev. Qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov khoom ntawm biofluid sib txawv, uas ua rau kev cuam tshuam ntawm tag nrho cov hauv nruab nrog cev thiab provokes anemia.
Txheeb xyuas cov cim qhia txog kev mob cancer ntawm lub cev thaum ntxov yog qhov nyuaj, nws daim duab saib mob yog tsis txawv. Cov yam ntxwv tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob malignant feem ntau tau nrog lwm cov kab mob ntawm lub cev hematopoietic system. Cov tsos mob hnyav, raws li nws yog ib qho yooj yim uas xav tias hemoblastosis, tau raug cai tom qab, thaum kab mob qog ntshav sai sai.
Ntshav cancer - theem
Cov kws kho mob qhia qhov txawv ntawm 4 theem ntawm kev mob ntawm tus kab mob tau piav qhia. Txhua ntawm lawv muaj cov kev qhia sib txawv. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob cancer hauv cov theem thaum ntxov yuav nyuaj rau kev sib txawv, vim li ntawd nws tuaj yeem mus tsis pom kev li ntawm ob peb lub hlis. Yog tias cov kab mob leukemia rov qab rau ib daim ntawv ntev, nws qhov tshwm sim feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem tsis tuaj yeem, thiab qhov chaw kho mob yuav qhia tau hais tias twb lig dhau lawm ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm tus mob hemoblastosis.
Ntshav cancer - theem 1
Uncontrolled division ntawm unripe leukocytes yog nrog los ntawm ib tug deterioration ntse nyob rau hauv lub functions ntawm lub cev. Vim hais tias kev tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog ntawm lub cev, thawj theem ntawm cov ntshav kheesxaws yog qhia tias muaj kab mob ntau ntxiv thiab muaj mob ntau yam kabmob. Muaj qee qhov tsis muaj zog, muaj kev chim siab, kev qaug zog thiab kev qaug zog. Nyob rau qib no, qee zaum kuj qhia tau hais tias mob cancer ntawm cov ntshav - cov tsos mob ntawm cov poj niam:
- rov qab kis ntawm mob ntsws ntev, mob ntshav qab zib, pharyngitis;
- txog kev ua tsis taus pa;
- nce tawm hws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum tsaus ntuj;
- tsis qab los noj mov.
Cancer ntawm cov ntshav - theem 2
Muaj cov qoob loo ntawm cov kab mob uas tsis yog tshwj xeeb dawb ua rau cov qog nqaij hlav qis qis hauv cov ntaub so ntswg, tsim cov qog nqaij neoplasms. Qhov no ua rau cov nram qab no tshwm sim ntawm cov ntshav mob cancer rau cov poj niam:
- hemorrhagic tej tawv nqaij tawm pob;
- kev loj hlob ntawm daim siab, cov qog nqaij hlav thiab tus kaus mom;
- qhov tsos ntawm bruises thiab me nqaij hlawv;
- pallor thiab dryness ntawm daim tawv nqaij;
- o thiab ntshav cov pos hniav;
- poob ntawm lub cev hnyav;
- nws txoj kev mob kev nkeeg ("kev mob hiav txwv").
Ntshav cancer - theem 3
Zuj zus progressing hemoblastosis provokes kev puas tsuaj hauv txhua lub nruab nrog cev thiab kabmob, ua txhaum lawv cov haujlwm. Nyob rau theem no, kev mob qog ntshav siab tau yooj yim - pom cov kab mob hauv cov poj niam:
- xeev siab;
- tsis qab los noj mov, qee zaus anorexia;
- nquag ntshav (los ntawm qhov ntswg, pos hniav);
- txawm aversion rau qab ntxiag tsw tsw;
- hloov pauv;
- tsam plab;
- mob hauv qaum, pob qij txha thiab pob txha;
- swollen lymph nodes nyob rau hauv lub puab tais, ntawm lub caj dab, nyob rau hauv lub ris tsho hnyiab;
- tsis pom kev tseeb tseeb;
- mob taub hau;
- ntuav;
- kub cev.
Muaj qee tus poj niam txiv neej tau tshwm sim uas qhia txog ntshav khees xaws - cov tsos mob ntawm cov poj niam muaj xws li:
- ntau thiab nquag hloov ntshav;
- ntev hli ntau;
- unbearable mob thaum pib ntawm lub cev ntas.
Ntshav cancer - theem 4
Thaum lig, kev tsis nco qab ntawm cov kab mob leukemia, tus neeg mob lub cev nqaij daim tawv ua ntau dua nrog cov ntaub so ntswg, uas ceev nrooj metastasize. Cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm kab mob oncological pab kom paub tseeb tias mob cancer - qhov theem kawg yog pom los ntawm cov tsos mob nram qab no:
- tshav kub;
- khaus sab hauv;
- txiav, tsis pub rau hauv khob cij, mob plab;
- cyanosis ntawm tes thiab di ncauj;
- so voj tsaus voj hauv qab qhov muag, pom tseeb ntawm lub ntsej muag daj ntseg;
- kev sib ceg;
- feverish tej yam kev mob;
- insomnia;
- kev nyuaj siab;
- hawb pob thaum ua pa;
- mob hauv plawv;
- tachycardia;
- nquag tso zis;
- pluag kho ntawm txawm me me wounds thiab khawb thiab lwm yam symptomatology.
Cov mob cancer hauv cov poj niam - lawv nyob pes tsawg?
Qhov tshwm sim rau hemoblastoses nyob ntawm seb qhov kev faib rau cov qis leukocytes, qhov kev ua ntawm lawv faib thiab tsub zuj zuj hauv cov ntaub so ntswg. Nws tsis muaj dab tsi ua rau cov poj niam mob cancer cov tsos mob ntawm cov poj niam - muaj pes tsawg tus nyob nrog qhov mob, yog txiav txim siab los ntawm theem kev mob ntawm leukemia, nws daim ntawv thiab qhov xwm ntawm lub chav kawm. Thaum ntxov ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob kheesxaws, qhov yuav muaj kev kho kom zoo yog siab, nce 100%.
Yog hais tias tus kab mob no tau mus txog 2-3 theem, tus neeg mob yog nyob rau hnub nyoog venerable los yog tus kab mob mus ntev, 5-xyoo kev noj qab haus huv muaj tsawg tshaj li 24 rau 90%. Ntawm 4 theem ntawm hemoblastosis malignant pathology yog suav tias yog kho tsis tau, thiab lub forecasts yog disappointing. Hauv qhov teeb meem no, txoj kev kho yog ua kom muaj kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb thiab puas hlwb.
Ntshav cancer - Cov tsos mob ntawm cov poj niam, kev kuaj mob
Kom paub meej txog cov kab mob leukemia, tus kws kho mob oncologist ua ib qho kev kuaj mob ntawm tus neeg mob, sau cov tshuaj anamnesis, tom qab ntawd yuav muab ntau yam kev kuaj thiab ntsuas cov cuab yeej. Rau kev kuaj mob, tsuas yog xav txog cov tsos mob ntawm cov ntshav hauv cov poj niam, tsuas yog ua tsis tau. Cov kev qhia saum toj no kuj tseem yuav qhia tau tias lwm cov kab mob ntawm tus kab mob hematopoiseis. Kom paub txog cov kabmob ntshav ntawm cov kabmob thaum ntxov yog qhov nyuaj tshaj qhov txiav txim siab hemoblastosis thaum sijhawm tomqab ntawm kev mob plab. Kom paub tseeb tias kab lus raug iab liam, txhua theem ntawm tib txoj kev siv.
Yuav mob qog ntshav siab li cas thaum ntxov?
Ua ntej, tus kws kho mob hais kom tus neeg mob muab cov tshuaj lom kab mob rau kev soj ntsuam dav dav thiab kom ntxaws. Thawj cov tsos mob ntawm cov ntshav mob rau cov poj niam raug cai yog tias:
- cov platelets qib yog txo qis dua;
- nyob rau hauv cov kua qaub ntsha muaj ntau lub hlwb tsis muaj zog;
- ib qho concentration ntawm hemoglobin.
Qhov kev kuaj ntshav yuav tsis muab lus teb rau tag nrho, yog li tus kws kho mob yuav tso cai rau kev tshawb nrhiav ntawm tus kab mob hemopoietic - cov hlwb pob txha. Ua li no, ib qho ntawm cov hauv qab no yog siv:
- chav kuaj ntshav;
- sternal puncture ;
- trepanobiopsy.
Yog xav paub seb hom kab mob khees xaws twg, kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog ua tiav. Qhov no yog ib qho kev ntsuam tshwj xeeb uas tau ua los ntawm kev siv tshuab cytometry. Rau kev tshaj xov xwm tshaj tawm, kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov caj pas molecular thiab cytogenetic yog ua tiav. Lawv nrhiav tau kev txhim kho qee tus chromosomal abnormalities uas txiav txim xyuas cov subtype ntawm leukemia, qhov kawm ntawm nws qhov aggressiveness thiab qhov nce ntawm qhov kev vam meej. Txuas ntxiv, genetic pathologies muaj nyob ntawm qib molecular.
Qee tus oncologists tau sau lwm cov txheej txheem kuaj mob uas pab nrhiav cov qog hlwb thiab neoplasms hauv lub cev, ntsuas kev puas tsuaj rau sab hauv lub nruab thiab kev loj hlob ntawm metastases:
- kev soj ntsuam ntawm cerebrospinal kua dej;
- magnetic resonance imaging nrog sib txawv tus neeg sawv cev;
- Xoo fais fab;
- computed tomography ntawm thaj chaw plab thiab lub hlwb;
- electroencephalography;
- kev kuaj mob ultrasound ntawm sab hauv nruab nrog cev;
- dopplerography.