Neuroblastoma yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau cov qog ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv cov menyuam yaus, uas cuam tshuam rau nws txoj kev xav. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog pib hauv lub caij nyoog intrauterine, thaum lub hlwb malignant mus rau sympathetic ganglia, adrenal qog thiab lwm qhov chaw.
Kev kuaj ntawm cov paj hlwb yog ua raws li cov ntaub ntawv xws li: lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus menyuam, theem ntawm qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tau ua, thiab cov keeb kwm ntawm cov hlwb phem. Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv no muaj feem cuam tshuam rau cov muaj feem xyuam. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov me nyuam yaus muaj qhov qis qis qis thiab feem ntau zoo rov qab, tab sis cov neeg mob muaj hmoo, txawm hais tias kev kho mob, muaj qhov tsis zoo los ntawm kev ciaj sia. Cov lus qhia ntxiv txog qhov ua rau, cov tsos mob thiab kev kho tus mob neuroblastoma rau cov menyuam yaus nyeem hauv peb cov tshooj.
Neuroblastoma - Ua rau
Txawm tias cov kev tshawb fawb ntev thiab meej, cov kws tshawb fawb tsis pom muaj ib qho kev tsim tawm ntawm kev tsim kev puas siab ntsws neuroblastoma. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, nws tsis tuaj yeem paub txawm tias yuav los cuam tshuam rau nws qhov muag.
Tau kawg, muaj kev twv txiaj, tab sis tseem, tsis muaj pov thawj. Yog li, rau feem ntau ntawm cov teeb meem, neuroblastoma tshwm hauv cov menyuam yaus hauv tsev neeg uas yav tas los twb muaj mob ntawm kev mob morbidity. Tab sis txhua xyoo, nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, qhov nruab nrab ntawm 1-2% ntawm cov neeg uas tsis yog niam txiv lossis cov txheeb ze ze tau puas tau muaj mob ntawm tus kab mob no.
Tam sim no, genome ntawm cov neeg mob nrog tsev neeg ntawm neuroblastoma tseem raug tshawb nrhiav kom paub xam cov noob (los sis ntau yam noob), hloov qhov twg, txawm tias, ua kom muaj kev tsim kho ntawm tus mob no.
Neuroblastoma me nyuam yaus - cov tsos mob
Cov tsos mob ntawm neuroblastoma ntawm cov menyuam yaus yog nyob ntawm seb qhov chaw nyob ntawm tus qog thiab qhov kuaj pom lossis tsis tuaj txog ntawm metastases. "Classic" cov cim qhia ntawm neuroblastoma ntawm cov menyuam yaus yog: mob plab, ntuav , yuag ploj, qab los noj mov, qaug zog thiab pob txha mob. Tsis tshua muaj ntshav siab , thiab mob raws plab yog tsawg.
Txij li ntau tshaj 50% ntawm cov neeg mob tuaj rau tus kws kho mob nyob rau theem qis ntawm tus kab mob, qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob no yog raug muab los ntawm qhov kev poob cev ntawm cov kabmob uas cov qog metastasizes. Cov no muaj xws li cov pob txha mob, tsis paub meej thiab tsis kub ib ce, ua kom txob txob thiab nqaij ncig ntawm qhov muag.
Thaum cov qog nyob hauv siab, nws tuaj yeem ua rau Claude-Bernard-Horner syndrome. Tus classic triad ntawm Horner yog: ib-ib sab ntawm daim tawv muag, ntawm kev qeeb ntawm tus tub ntxhais kawm thiab ib txoj haujlwm tob ntawm lub qhov muag (qhov muag zoo). Ntawm cov kab mob hauv qhov congenital yog ib hom kab mob heterochromia - ib qho xim txawv ntawm ib qho iris (piv txwv, ib qhov muag ntsuab, thiab lwm xiav).
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov niam txiv ntawm tus menyuam mob tuaj yeem sab laj nrog ib tus kws kho mob rau txhua yam teeb meem txawv - piv txwv li, nws yuav yog pob txha. Twb tau los ntawm kev tshawb fawb ntxiv lawm nws tau qhia tias yog vim li cas ho tau ua rau pob txha tawg ntawm pob txha, yog ib qho metastasis.
Neuroblastoma - kev kho mob
Kev kho ntawm cov laus hauv cov neuroblastoma, uas yog, ib lub qog uas muaj meej ciaj ciam thiab tsis muaj kabmob metastases yog phais. Tom qab qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm txoj kev kawm, yuav tsum kho kom tiav ntawm tus menyuam.
Tab sis, thaum muaj tus mob hlav metastases, ntxiv rau qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub paj hlwb,
Neuroblastoma - mob rov qab
Hmoov tsis, zoo li txhua yam kabmob kheesxaws, cov keebkwm (neuroblastoma) tuaj yeem muab rov qab los.
Qhov kev tshwm sim nyob rau hauv xws li mob yog txawv ntau haiv neeg:
- rov qab los ntawm ib qho chaw hauv zos (qhov tsos ntawm tus tshiab qog) muaj kev zoo siab, vim nws tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm;
- hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj kev tawm tsam ntawm kev rov qab los, qhov kev txiav txim siab rau lub neej tsis zoo, vim nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau kev kho.