Hauv txhua lub tsev kawm ntawv preschool thiab cov tsev kawm ntawv rau cov me nyuam, cov tsev kho mob, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv Mantoux tau raug xa. Muaj tsawg kawg yog ib zaug, tab sis txhua tus niam tau ntsib nrog qhov tseeb tias Mantoux qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tau loj hlob, uas tau coj mus xyuas qhov kev kuaj mob TB kab mob. Lo lus "Mantoux", "reaction", thiab "test" tag nrho tib hais li cas? Cia peb nkag siab ua ke.
Feem ntau, qhov kev ntsuam xyuas Mantoux yog ib qho kev mob tshwm sim ntawm tib neeg lub cev rau qhov kev qhia txog ib koob tshuaj tuberculin. Yog li, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau Mantoux hauv cov menyuam yaus yog tshwm sim thaum muaj activated lymphocytes nyob rau hauv lub cev. Nws yog cov hlwb uas muab qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas tau tso tshuaj tuberculin. Lawv yog tsim los ntawm kev sib cuag ntawm tib neeg lub cev nrog microbacteria ntawm tuberculosis. Qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo li no tshwm sim tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob BCG, uas txhais tau hais tias: Yog tias tus menyuam tsis kis tus kab mob no, qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tsis zoo. Lub tuberculin nws tus kheej yog ib qho kev tsis sib haum xeeb, yog li nws tsis tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev sib cav. Tus kab mob no tsuas tshua me ntsis rau cov kab mob ntsws (tuberculosis) lossis kab mob BCG. Hauv qhov no, tus me nyuam muaj kev tiv thaiv, uas yog, muaj lymphocytes tias, thaum txhaj nrog tuberculin, ua kom tawv nqaij ntawm tawv nqaij. Qhov no yog qhov zoo Mantoux cov menyuam yaus, uas yog ua kom paub txog kev kuaj pom thiab muaj peev xwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv.
Kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas Mantoux
Muaj ib hnub txhua tus me nyuam yuav kis tau tus kab mob microbacteria ntawm tuberculosis, tab sis qhov teeb meem yog li cas nws lub cev yuav ua li cas rau qhov kev tawm tsam no. Rau qhov no, qhov kev ntsuam xyuas Mantoux yog ua tiav.
Yog tias txhaj koob tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob BCG rau ib tus menyuam yug hauv tsev kho mob rau hnub yug plaub hnub los yog hnub xya ntawm lub neej, ces thaum muaj hnub nyoog ib xyoos, nws tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv Mantoux thawj zaug. Ua nws ua ntej yog tsis muaj qab hau, vim tias qhov tshwm sim yuav yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg rau Mantou, leej twg yuav tsis hais dab tsi.
Kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm Mantoux cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, uas yog, reddening ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub chaw ntawm kev tswj ntawm cov tshuaj, yog nqa tawm tom qab peb hnub. Tom qab BCG, tus qauv ntawm cov me nyuam yaus uas tsis tau muaj hnub nyoog peb xyoos los yog muaj qhov tsis zoo. Raws li qhov Mantoux loj npaum li cas, muaj ntau ntau txoj kev xaiv. Thawj qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau qhia tias qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm Mantoux yuav tsis pub dhau 5-15 hli yog tias muaj ib tus kabmob ntawm BCG. Yog tias tsis muaj dab tsi, ces peb yuav tsum tau txais kev pom zoo Mantoux tsis zoo nyob hauv tus me nyuam. Feem ntau, tom qab plaub xyoos ntawm lub neej, qhov tshwm sim Mantoux hauv cov me nyuam sib raug raws li txoj cai, uas yog, nws tsis zoo. Cia peb qhia ntxiv tias qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo ntawm Mantoux hauv cov menyuam txhais tau hais tias, qhov no yog qhov txawv. Nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw uas tuberculin raug txhaj tshuaj, tom qab 72 teev tsuas yog yuav tsum tau muaj kev tawm tsam. Tsuas yog muab tso, qhov me ntsis reddened ntawm lub koob txhaj tshuaj syringe.
Contraindications thiab cov cai ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas Mantoux
Tus menyuam yuav tsum tau kuaj yuav tsum noj qab nyob zoo, tsis txhob muaj cov kabmob, tsis muaj kabmob (xws li hauv
Thiab thaum kawg, cia peb nco koj tias txhua tus paub tias qhov tawv nqaij ntawm qhov chaw uas tus qauv Mantoux tau ua tsis tau wetted. Dej raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem ua rau mob, uas distorts qhov tiag tshwm sim. Feem ntau yuav tshwm sim, qhov no, tus me nyuam yuav tsum raug kuaj rau tus kab mob ntsws TB hauv tuberculosis.
Noj qab nyob zoo!