Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov ntshav coagulation tau nce hauv ntau theem. Thawj yog thromboplastin tsim, qhov thib ob yog trombin tsim, thiab qhov thib peb yog fibrinogenesis. Rau kev khiav dej num ntawm txhua theem hauv cov ntshav yuav tsum yog anticoagulant. Yog hais tias ntuj physiological tshuaj tsis txaus, ces lawv imitated - siv yeeb siv tshuaj yog txhaj.
Cov kev qhia rau cov neeg siv tshuaj tua kabmob (antiplatelet agents)
Antiagreganty - yeeb tshuaj uas muaj kev nyuab siab rau cov txheej txheem ntawm ntshav khaus. Raws li txoj haujlwm tswjfwm, lawv muab faib ua 2 pawg:
- kev txiav txim ncaj qha (heparinoids, heparin);
- indirect nkaus (derivatives ntawm phenylidandione thiab oxicumarin).
Niaj hnub no, kuj muaj cov antiplatelet cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm ib tiam tshiab - tsis pom zoo. Lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam cov kab mob hauv lub cev uas muaj peev xwm ntawm platelets.
Lub sijhawm ntawm txhua pawg ntawm cov tshuaj tuaj yeem yog ib tus kheej los yog ua ke. Cov cim tseem ceeb rau kev siv cov tshuaj anticoagulants yog cov cim qhia tias hypercoagulable cov ntshav (prethrombotic xeev) thiab thrombotic txheej txheem ntawm txawv localization. Tus neeg mob tau pom zoo kom noj cov tshuaj no txawm tias muaj cov txheej txheem thrombotic hauv kev coronary artery, raws li qhov no yog ib qho ntawm txoj kev zoo rau kev tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj cov mob focal thiab focal myocardial infarction .
Contraindications rau kev siv cov tshuaj tua kabmob antiplatelet
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv niaj hnub no yuav tsis tuaj yeem sau yog tias tus neeg mob muaj tus kab mob:
- digestive apparatus (tab txawm nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj tus nyiam los ntshav);
- raum nrog cov tsos mob ntawm hematuria;
- daim siab mob loj heev ntawm nws txoj haujlwm.
Nws tsis pom zoo kom noj cov tshuaj no yog tias muaj cov tsos mob ntawm lub raum tsis ua hauj lwm, kev ua txhaum ntawm cov txheej txheem haemostatic, C-thiab K-vitamin deficiency thiab mob plawv aneurysm.
Cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj mob tshwm sim. Lawv yog cov pom tseeb thaum siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm kev ncaj nraim los yog tsis ncaj nraim. Disaggregants tau ua suab tsis muaj txiaj ntsim ntawm lub cev.
Feem ntau cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm cov neeg sawv cev tshuaj antiplatelet yog:
- kev tsis haum tshuaj;
- mob taub hau;
- hemorrhagic lwm yam teebmeem;
- los ntshav ntawm lwm qhov chaw.
Cov npe ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm antiplatelet
Anticoagulants ntawm cov nyhuv ncaj qha ncaj qha rau cov yam hauv cov ntshav coagulation hauv vascular channel. Kev kho cov nyhuv tshuaj nrog cov tshuaj tso tawm yog tshwm sim tam sim ntawd thiab kav li 6 teev. Cov npe ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm pab pawg neeg muaj xws li:
- Heparinolds;
- Heparin;
- Arvin;
- Calcium heparinate;
- Chondroitin sulfates A thiab C.
Feem ntau yog siv Heparin. Nws sai sai inhibits tus tsim ntawm fibrin thiab tiv thaiv cov agglutination ntawm cov ntshav platelets.
Daim ntawv teev cov kev siv ntawm kev ncaj ncees xws li:
- Dicoumarin;
- Cincumar;
- Nafarin;
- Neodikumarin;
- Phenylin;
- Omefin.
Lawv ua rau cov ntshav tsis khov rau hauv lub cev. Cov nyhuv tom qab daim ntawv thov tuaj rau hauv 24-72 teev thiab kav ntev mus txog ob peb hnub. Nws yog tsaug rau cov cuab yeej no uas cov tshuaj ntawm pawg neeg no tau yooj yim dua rau kev kho mob mus ntev.
Disaggregants nyob rau hauv kev faib tawm ntawm cov neeg sawv cev tshuaj antiplatelet nyob hauv ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb. Tag nrho los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias lawv muaj cov nyhuv me me ntawm cov ntshav coagulation. Tab sis tib lub sij hawm lawv thaiv los yog tsis pub dhau lub zog ntawm cov khoom lo rau ntawm daim phiaj. Yog li ntawd, nrog rau lwm cov tshuaj thiab tshuaj antiplatelet, lawv
- Butadione;
- Papaverine ;
- Anturan;
- Indomethacin;
- Imizine;
- Carbocromene;
- Parmedin.
Tag nrho cov kev tsis pom zoo no nrog qee qhov kev ceeb toom yuav tsum tau muab rau cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog laus thiab hnub nyoog laus.