Cov kab mob ntawm pob ntseg feem ntau pom muaj hauv cov me nyuam mos. Txoj kev ywj pheej yuav pom tau tias yog ib qho kab mob txawv, thiab qhov teeb meem ntawm tus kab mob tsis ntev los no. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv otitis nyob hauv cov menyuam tsis tas siv, qee zaum, nws yog qhov ua tau thiab kev kho mob.
Kuv puas xav tau cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntsws?
Qhov kev xaiv ntawm hom tshuaj rau tus kab mob no nyob ntawm seb hom mob otitis, lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus me nyuam, theem ntawm cov txheej txheem inflammatory. Antibiotic hauv otitis tsis siv rau mob me thiab mob hnyav rau ntawm tus kab mob. Nyob rau hauv xws li mob, koj muaj peev xwm tiv nrog tus kab mob nrog kev pab ntawm dauv, ointments, balms, nrog uas compresses tau ua nyob rau hauv pob ntseg. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub hlwb nco ntsoov tias cov nyiaj no yuav tsum raug qhia tshwj rau tus kws kho mob. Cov kev xaiv ntawm kev kho ntawm cov kev tsis ncaj ncees yuav cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus menyuam.
Kev kho mob ntawm otitis nrog tshuaj tua kab mob ntau dua nrog cov ntaub ntawv purulent lossis ntev. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, kev kho yog nqa tawm hauv txoj hauv kev. Nrog rau tshuaj tua kab mob, cov hauv qab no raug siv:
- anti-inflammatory;
- mob taub hau.
Pathogen otitis nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam
O ntawm tus pob ntseg hauv me nyuam feem ntau tau nce raws li hom:
- acute media media;
- exudative otitis media.
Hauv thawj hom, qhov nruab nrab ntawm pob ntseg yog cuam tshuam. Qhov no yog nrog los ntawm mob nyhav heev, yog li nws tsis tuaj yeem hla qhov pib ntawm tus kab mob. Mob ntsej muag ntawm pob ntseg hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov me nyuam feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob, tab sis qee zaum nws kuj tuaj yeem ua kab mob. Ntawm lub ntsiab pathogens ntawm mob otitis media:
- pneumococcus ;
- haemophilus influenzae ;
- ua pa kab mob (respiratory syncytial virus) (rsv);
- influenza tus kab mob;
- adenovirus;
- rhinovirus.
Cov kab mob tawm ntsej muag tseem ceeb yog nrog cov kua nruab nrog cev hauv nruab nrab pob ntseg. Nws tsis muaj cov tsos mob ntawm tus kabmob (qhov mob, o, tsis qhia). Diagnosing tus kab mob yog nyuaj. Feem ntau, tus kab mob kis tau los ntawm nws tus kheej, yog li koj tsis tas yuav mus kho mob rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Cov kws kho mob yuav tsum tau txais kev pabcuam tactics, saib xyuas kev nojqab haushuv ntawm tus menyuam, ua cov kev kuaj mob.
Puas yuav ua tau kom kho otitis yam tsis muaj tshuaj tua kab mob rau tus menyuam mos?
Nws yog ua tau los kho tus me nyuam mob otitis yam tsis muaj tshuaj tua kab mob. Thaum sau tshuaj thiab xaiv hom kev kho, cov kws kho mob yuav tsum paub txog ntau yam:
- hnub nyoog ntawm tus menyuam;
- qhov hnyav ntawm tus kab mob;
- cov ntsiab lus ntawm daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas.
Kev kho cov menyuam mos ab li 2 xyoos yog feem ntau ua tsis siv tshuaj tua kab mob. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas ob lub pob ntseg los yog ib qho cuam tshuam. Nyob rau hauv loj heev, purulent daim ntawv ntawm tus kab mob tsis muaj kev siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob ua tsis tau. Tsis tas li, yog tias cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob mob tsau tsis ploj tom qab 2-3 hnub ntawm kev kho mob, qhov teeb meem tshwm sim ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm qhov tshuaj tua kab mob. Cov tshuaj yuav tsum yog tus kws kho mob sau ua ntawv nkaus xwb.
Kuv yuav siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob dab tsi?
Qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov tshuaj nyob ntawm nkaus ntawm hom pathogen. Feem ntau, los txiav txim siab txog cov tshuaj tua kab mob thaum tus mob ua rau me nyuam yaus siv, ua ib qho kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm paug tawm ntawm pob ntseg los yog thau tawm ntawm qhov tsis zoo. Lwm tus neeg mob, cov kws kho mob siv ntau hom tshuaj. Lub sij hawm ntawm kev kho tshuaj tua kab mob yog txiav txim ib tus zuj zus. Qhov nruab nrab, qhov kev txais tos ntawm cov nyiaj li 5-7 hnub. Hauv cov menyuam yaus dhau 6 xyoo ntawm kev kho mob tej zaum yuav yog 10 hnub (nrog rau ib qho mob ntawm otitis). Ntawm cov pawg neeg siv tshuaj tua kab mob:
- penicillins;
- cephalosporins;
- macrolides .
Penicillin hauv otitis
Sib tham txog seb cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv cov menyuam yaus raug siv li cas, nyob rau thawj qhov chaw ntawm cov kws kho mob muab tso rau hauv penicillins. Lawv ua tau zoo los ntawm tus me nyuam lub cev, muaj mob me me. Siv cov tshuaj hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj, thiab nyob rau hauv kev ncua (rau cov me nyuam mos). Kev siv tshuaj, qhov ntev thiab qhov ntev ntawm txoj kev kho yog qhia los ntawm tus kws kho mob ib leeg zuj zus.
Penicillin yog cov tawm tsam ntau cov kab mob pathogenic. Nws nquag txhawb nqa lawv txoj kev loj hlob, tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntxiv thiab kev luam. Ntawm cov kev npaj uas muaj qhov tivthaiv no:
- Amoxicillin;
- Flemoxin ;
- Amoxiclav;
- Sulfatamycilin.
Cephalosporins nrog otitis
Kev kho mob ntawm otitis nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam uas muaj tshuaj tua kab mob yuav raug siv nrog kev pab ntawm pawg neeg no. Lawv siv ntau zaus thaum lub siab lub ntsws ntawm tus me nyuam lub cev ntawm penicillin. Cephalosporins muaj cov tshuaj tua kabmob antimicrobial thiab tsis tshua muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj. Ntawm qhov kev npaj ntawm cov pab pawg no tau siv hauv kev kho mob hauv plab, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau paub qhov txawv:
- Cefuroxime;
- Aksetil;
- Omnitsef.
Siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob rau cov kab mob otitis hauv cov menyuam yaus nrog kev ceev faj. Cephalosporins nrog kev siv mus sij hawm ntev yuav ua kom puas rau vitamin K. Cov tshuaj no siv sij hawm ib feem hauv qhov txheej txheem ntawm hematopoiesis, coagulating system. Cov kws kho mob siv qhov tseeb rau hauv no, sau cov tshuaj tua kab mob rau cov me nyuam. Yog tias tsim nyog siv cephalosporins, cov kws kho mob tsuas pub ncua ntev txog 5 hnub xwb.
Macrolides hauv otitis
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas niaj hnub siv niaj hnub no nyob hauv kev kho mob ntawm otitis hauv cov menyuam yaus. Lawv zoo heev hauv kev tswj cov kab mob Gram-negative microorganisms. Tsis tas li ntawd, macrolide muaj kev koom tes hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua kom tus me nyuam lub cev tsis muaj zog, uas tsis ua ntxiv lawm ntawm kev mob. Vim yog qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm kev tiv thaiv, qhov tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm pob ntseg tsis pom zoo rau cov me nyuam kawm ntawv preschool.
Ntawm qhov kev npaj ntawm cov pab pawg no tau siv hauv cov kws kho mob, ib qho qhia tau:
- Clarithromycin;
- Roxithromycin;
- Azithromycin.
Qhov tshuaj tua kab mob zoo tshaj plaws rau otitis
Tshuaj tua kab mob hauv otis me nyuam yuav tsum xaiv ib tus zuj zus. Nrog rau lub sij hawm ntawm cov tshuaj no, tus kws kho mob yuav siv ntau yam:
- hnub nyoog ntawm tus menyuam;
- hom pathogen;
- theem ntawm tus kab mob.
Raws li cov qauv no, nws muaj peev xwm sib cav hais tias ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv ntiaj teb uas yuav pab tau zoo rau txhua tus neeg tsis muaj nyob. Cov niam txiv yuav tsum qhia meej meej raws li tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia thiab tsis tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas lawv tus menyuam txoj kev siv tshuaj, uas, raws li tus phooj ywg, pab nws tus menyuam. Tej yam ntxim yuav ua rau tus me nyuam raug mob.
Mob hauv pob ntseg nrog otitis nrog tshuaj tua kab mob
Daim ntawv no yog siv los kho cov kab mob hauv pob ntseg. Tom qab qhov kev kuaj mob ntawm cov kab mob otitis, cov tshuaj tua kab mob tua tau yog thawj qhov chaw ntawm tus kws kho mob daim ntawv teem caij. Ntawm cov tshuaj siv los kho cov menyuam yaus:
- Neladex yog ib qho kev npaj ua ke uas muaj tshuaj tua kab mob thiab ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv. Twb tau tom qab thawj zaug ua kua, cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob txo qis: mob qis qis, puffiness qis dua. Qhov no yog vim muaj cov glucocorticosteroid nyob rau hauv cov tee. Cov tshuaj siv los kho cov menyuam yaus, tom qab 12 xyoos.
- Ciprofarm - cov tshuaj hu ua fluoroquinolones. Cov pab pawg ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob no ua rau kev loj hlob thiab kev tsim cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob (Cov kab mob Gram-negative). Siv txij thaum muaj hnub nyoog 15 xyoo.
Kev ncua hauv otis
Rau cov kev kho mob ntawm cov me nyuam, tshuaj tua kab mob hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib ncua kev kawm ntau dua. Qhov no yog vim muaj kev yooj yim ntawm kev noj tshuaj thiab kev siv tshuaj. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob xws li tshuaj dawb paug tuaj yeem kho mob rau cov me nyuam mos. Ntawm cov tshuaj siv:
- Sumamed yog ib qho ntawm cov spectrum thoob plaws. Cov tshuaj tso tawm rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub qhov ncauj ncua kev siv yuav siv tau txij li 6 lub hlis. Cov tshuaj muaj qab ntxiag saj, yog li cov me nyuam noj nws nrog kev lom zem. Kev siv tshuaj yog xam los ntawm tus kws kho mob muab xam rau hauv lub cev qhov hnyav ntawm tus menyuam. Noj tshuaj 1 zaug hauv ib hnub.
- Augmentin yog ib yam tshuaj lom neeg. Tau siv los kho cov menyuam ntawm 3 lub hlis. Siv 3 zaug ib hnub twg, cov khoom noj yog xam ib tus zuj zus.
- Supraks - yog hais txog cephalosporins. Nws yog siv rau kev kho mob otitis ntawm pob ntseg hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov menyuam loj dua 6 lub hlis. Kev sib kis thiab zaus ntawm kev txais tos yog muab los ntawm tus kws kho menyuam yaus.
Antibiotic nyob rau hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj
Cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv otitis nyob rau cov menyuam yaus loj dua 6 xyoo feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj. Ntawm cov tshuaj siv rau lub hom phiaj no yog:
- Clacid yog ib qho ntawm cov spectrum thoob plaws. Hauv daim ntawv tau muab siv los kho cov menyuam yaus ntawm 3 xyoos. Ntau npaum li cas thiab sij hawm ntawm kev txais tos yog teem ib lub zuj zus. Ntev sijhawm ntev li 5-14 hnub, nyob ntawm seb qhov mob loj npaum li cas.
- Amoxiclav - ib qho tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm penicillin series, uas sawv cev ntawm cov tshuaj amoxicillin, penicillin, clavulanic acid. Hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj nws yog siv rau kev kho mob ntawm cov menyuam yaus tshaj 12 xyoos. Kev siv tshuaj yog xam raws li qhov hnyav ntawm tus neeg mob me me.
Injections hauv otitis
Tshuaj tua kab mob rau ntawm pob ntseg ntawm tus menyuam hauv daim ntawv txhaj tshuaj yog siv thaum kev kho nrog ntsiav tshuaj thiab kev ncua tsis ua hauj lwm. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob zoo sib xws rau otitis hauv cov me nyuam kuj tseem siv tau thaum muaj tus kab mob nyob hauv ib theem dhau mus - nws yuav tsum tau pib ntxov ntawm qhov kev kho ntawm txoj kev kho. Ntawm cov tshuaj siv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib qho kev daws rau injections:
- Ceftriaxone yog ib qho cim peb cephalosporin, siv rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv nyuaj, purulent otitis. Qhov kev siv tshuaj yog xam los ntawm tus kws kho mob. Cov tshuaj yuav siv tau thaum yug los.
- Cefazolin - hmoov rau qhov kev npaj ntawm kev daws kev txhaj tshuaj. Nws yog siv los kho cov menyuam ntawm 1 lub hlis.
- Cefipim - taw rau hauv cov rooj plaub tshwj xeeb. Qhuav teeb meem rau tom ntej kev npaj ntawm infusions (txhaj). Nws yog ib qho tshuaj tua kab mob uas muaj kab mob loj heev nrog cov npe ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim. Cov menyuam mos liab thiab cov menyuam mosliab raug muab tshuaj rau hauv lub tsev khomob hauv lub qhov muag ntawm cov kws khomob.