Kev ua txhua yam ntawm tsev neeg yog pom hauv kev muaj peev xwm los tsim kom muaj kev noj qab nyob zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, raws li tau teev tseg los ntawm lub Koom Haum Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv (World Health Organization), kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov txiv neej thiab poj niam yog ib qho kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev sib deev ua rau txoj kev pheej hmoo yuav kis tau cov kab mob uas muaj kev sib deev, npaj plab, muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm niam thiab tus menyuam. Raws li cov kws txawj, lub ntsiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas yog qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm tsev neeg hnub no yog qhov ratio ntawm fertility, pes tsawg tus abortions thiab infertile khub niam txiv.
Lwm yam kev ntsuas ntawm kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov pejxeem:
- pejxeem loj;
- cov poj niam muaj menyuam hnub nyoog;
- pes tsawg tus menyuam thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas;
- lub neej hauv ntiaj teb no;
- ntuj nce hauv pejxeem.
Qhov tshwj xeeb uas ua rau tib neeg puas tsuaj
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov txiv neej thiab cov poj niam yog qhov chaw, cov huab cua, dej thiab av cov pa phem, suab nrov, plua plav, electromagnetic tsis thiab hluav taws xob. Xyaum pom tias muaj ntau lub nroog loj thiab cov nroog muaj kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov menyuam mos, thiab tus poj niam lub peev xwm xeeb tub thiab yug tau ob peb zaug qis tshaj hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj qhov atmospheric paug tsis siab heev (zos, zos thiab zos). Kev ua txhaum ntawm kev tsim kho me nyuam yaus kuj raug cai vim tias qhov kev txiav txim ntawm qee yam tshuaj yeeb thiab tshuaj siv hauv tsev.
Qhov loj txaus ntshai rau kev tsim kho kev noj qab haus huv yog haus dej cawv thiab nicotine, qhov ua rau ntawm kev ntxim yuav feem ntau underestimated. Cov kws tshaj lij pom tias qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov pom ntawm cov me nyuam yaus hauv cov tsev neeg uas ob leeg sib koom tsim dej cawv, yuav luag yog 100%. Nyob rau hauv 30% ntawm cov neeg mob, xws li khub niam txiv yog infertile.
Qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm kev noj qab haus huv
Cov kev tiv thaiv kev mob nkeeg tshwj xeeb muaj xws li qee yam, cov qauv thiab cov kev pab cuam uas daws cov teeb meem ntawm kev ua me nyuam yaus thiab kev tsom kwm rau kev txhim kho kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tsev neeg lossis tag nrho tib leeg. Ib qho ntawm cov teeb meem tseem ceeb rau hnub hauv kev tiv thaiv ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm tsev neeg yog qhov kev tiv thaiv kev sib deev kis kab mob. Ntawm qhov tseem ceeb: HIV / AIDS, syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia thiab mycoplasmosis.
Qhov teeb meem sib npaug zos tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev noj qab haus huv yog rho menyuam, suav nrog kev ua txhaum cai thiab kev pheej hmoo, tom qab uas yog raws li txoj cai, cov nqi ntawm cov poj niam rov qab tuaj yeem ceev ceev mus rau zero. Kev txheeb xyuas pom tau tias qhov ntau tshaj plaws kev rho me nyuam tawm hauv cov poj niam hnub nyoog 18-25. Xws li cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb yog kev poob siab, vim hais tias nws yog pawg ntawm cov poj niam uas muab tso rau kev cia siab ntawm nce tus nqi yug. Cov ntaub ntawv kho mob qhia tias 60 feem pua ntawm qhov kev rho menyuam tawm hauv cov teeb meem, 28% ntawm cov kab mob ntawm cov qau, 7% - ntev los ntshav, 3% - ua rau pelvic plab hnyuv siab raum.
Family Planning thiab Reproductive Health
Kev ua menyuam yaus ua haujlwm hauv zej zog yog kwv los ntawm tsev neeg. Nws yog qhov teeb meem ntawm tsev neeg uas nyuam qhuav ua ntau yam. Qhov tseeb yog tias qhov yug tus nqi poob txhua lub xyoo, uas tsis yog qhov ua rau poob rau hauv cov pejxeem.
Kev tiv thaiv ntawm kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev npaj rau tsev neeg yog tam sim no ib qho tseem ceeb rau txhua lub xeev. Tsis pub dhau lub tswv yim ntawm lub tswv yim rau kev tiv thaiv kev noj qab haus huv, nws yog npaj los siv ntau yam kev ntsuas, ntawm cov uas:
- muab kev cai lij choj rau kev noj qab haus huv;
- tiv thaiv kev ntsuas;
- kev qhia txog cov kev tshiab ntawm kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob;
- nyiaj txiag ntawm tsev neeg los ua tus qauv tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov pejxeem.