Txoj kev kho hluav taws xob nyob hauv oncology yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj ntawm kev kho mob ntau yam mob qog nqaij hlav. Nws yog raws li ionizing hluav taws xob, tsim los ntawm ib qho khoom tshwj xeeb nrog ib qho chaw muaj zog nyob rau hauv xov tooj cua. Nws tsis yog tsuas pab txo cov qog loj, tab sis kuj tseem tshem tawm nws.
Hom kev tua hluav taws xob
Radiation therapy feem ntau siv rau oncology, vim hais tias nws ua rau nws ua tau "nrawm" rau ntawm lub qog. Cov kab mob khees xaws yog rhiab rhiab kom raug hluav taws xob. Thaum mob irradiated, lawv khwv muab faib ua ke thiab ntau yam kev hloov pauv hauv cov qog, thiab cov hlab ntsha uas pub nws yog ib qho av loj. Yog li ntawd, nws tuag. Nyob rau hauv qhov no, cov qe ntshav tsis ua haujlwm tsis pom muaj hluav taws xob, yog li tsis txhob raug kev txom nyem.
Muaj ntau ntau hom kev kho hluav taws xob hauv kev kho mob:
- Tshaj tawm - kev txav deb ntawm lub qhov me me ntawm qhov tawv nqaij.
- Hu rau - tus ntaus ntawv nyob ncaj qha ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
- Intracavitary - cov cuab yeej muab txhaj rau hauv lub cev raug mob (piv txwv li, txoj hlab pas, lub tsev menyuam, qhov quav ).
- Intravascular - yog lub hauv paus ntawm cov hluav taws xob tso rau hauv lub qog.
Txhua yam zoo li no yuav siv tau los ua txoj kev kho mob lossis ib txhij nrog lwm txoj hauv kev (kws kho kem lossis phais mob). Feem ntau, kev kho hluav taws xob hauv kev siv tshuaj (oncology) yog siv tom qab phais tas kom tua cov kabmob qog hlwb, lossis ua ntej kev phais kom txo qhov loj ntawm cov qog. Tus mob ntawm txoj kev irradiation tuaj yeem kho rau kev mob qog nqaij hlav tom qab lub sijhawm luv lossis ntev.
Leej twg thiaj li tsis tsim nyog txais radiotherapy?
Radiation therapy muaj ntau yam kev phiv tshuaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, txoj hnyuv epithelium thiab qhov hematopoietic system yog hypersensitive rau irradiation. Qee zaum, rov qab los ntawm lub cev tom qab cov tshuaj tua hluav taws xob nyob hauv oncology yuav nyuaj lossis dhau heev lawm, tus neeg mob yuav mob ntxiv. Yog li, kev sib tsoo hluav taws xob tsis tuaj yeem nqa nrog:
- pom tau qhov ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab;
- kub cev;
- lwj taus ntawm ib tus mob malignant, uas yog nrog los ntshav los yog hemoptysis;
- cachexia;
- germination ntawm cov qog rau hauv cov hlab ntsha loj loj los yog khoob pob txha;
- nws mob cancer;
- ntau yam metastases;
- anemia;
- leukopenia ;
- tus kab mob thrombocytopenia.
Radiation therapy yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov neeg uas muaj lwm yam kab mob loj dua ib qho hlav:
- myocardial infarction;
- ua pa tsis txaus;
- tus kab mob ntsws ntawm tuberculosis, thiab lwm yam.
Qhov kev tshwm sim ntawm txoj kev kho hluav taws xob
Nyob ntawm tej thaj chaw deb radial irradiation tus neeg mob tshwm sim:
- khaus;
- tsis ua haujlwm;
- tev ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
Thaum raug rau lub caj dab thiab lub taub hau feem ntau, cov plaub hau ntog tawm ntawm cov neeg mob thiab lub rooj sib hais yog cuam tshuam, qee zaus muaj tickling nyob hauv caj pas, qhov mob nqos thiab suab lus hoarse. Lub txiaj ntsim ntawm radiotherapy, uas irradiates lub plab hnyuv siab raum ntawm cov kab noj hniav, yog qhov hnyav dua. Cov neeg mob yuav tsim cov hnoos qhuav, ua tsis taus pa thiab qis ntawm cov leeg.
Cov teebmeem ntawm cov kab mob hauv lub plab yuav ua rau:
- poob phaus;
- tsis qab los noj mov;
- ua txhaum ntawm kev tso zis.
Ntau tus neeg mob tau xeev siab, mob plab thiab ntuav. Hlawv kho nrog oncology ntawm mammary qog provokes qhov pib ntawm
Thaum twg txoj kev kho mob no nrog rau cov kws khomob, kev kho tus mob neutropenia yog - ib qho kev txo qis nyob rau theem ntawm leukocytes. Radioactive therapy tuaj yeem ua rau mob cystitis thiab txhim kho cardiotoxicity. Los ntawm cov txiaj ntsig lig, feem ntau yog:
- daim tawv nqaij atrophy;
- kev loj hlob ruam lossis cov pob txha loj deformation;
- desolation ntawm lymphatic vessels;
- asymmetry ntawm tus neeg ntawm lub cev.