Gluten yog ib qho protein ntau, uas muaj nyob hauv lub plhaub ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov cereal qoob loo. Feem ntau, kev siv cov khoom noj uas muaj gluten, tsis ua rau muaj kev tsis zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev haus ntawm cov kua protein no hauv tus me nyuam txoj hnyuv tau ua rau txoj hnyuv tsis zoo, ua rau tsis haum. Yog li ntawd, gluten nyob rau hauv tus me nyuam cov zaub mov yuav tsum tsis txhob tshwm sim ua ntej lub hnub nyoog ntawm 6-8 lub hlis.
Kev tswj ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom noj no hauv cov khoom noj khoom haus me nyuam mos tau pib tom qab tus neeg mob ntawm cov neeg tsis muaj zog nyob hauv cov menyuam yaus hauv Tebchaws Europe thiab hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Tej zaum, qhov no yog vim muaj kev phom sij ntawm cov roj ntsha keeb kwm rau qhov khoom noj no, nrog rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus poj niam thaum lub caij tus menyuam. Ua ntej qhov kev tso tawm ntawm cov txheeb cais tshiab, coob leej tsis tau twv seb gluten yog dab tsi thiab qhov teeb meem yog dab tsi.
Dab tsi yog gluten?
Rye, hom qoob mog, barley thiab oats yog cov cereals uas muaj gluten hauv cov qauv lis. Yog li ntawd, cov paj noob qoob raws li cov cereals no yog qhov ua xua, thiab yog li ntawd tau ua tiav tas thiab ua tib zoo.
Gluten nyob rau hauv me nyuam mos liab khoom noj muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv sib xyaw. Hauv cov khoom siv mis nyuj yog ntxiv rau kev noj haus. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, qhov no zaub protein yuav ua tau zoo heev, tab sis tsuas yog hais tias nws yog feem ntau digested.
Pob kws gluten yog siv rau hauv qhov kev npaj ntawm cov khoom tiav. Ntxiv dua thiab, nws siv ntawm no yog piav qhia los ntawm qhov nce hauv zaub mov muaj nqis ntawm cov khoom, uas tseem txuag lub khw muag khoom cov nyiaj, txij li nws yog ib qho yooj yim pheej yig component.
Dab tsi yog qhov teeb meem gluten?
Gluten, ua rau hauv plab hnyuv ntxwm ntawm tus neeg noj qab nyob zoo, zoo yog digestive enzymes thiab yog ib qho zoo ntawm cov protein. Tab sis qee zaus nyob rau cov menyuam uas muaj keebkwm qaug zog, gluten tuaj yeem ua rau tus kabmob "celiac disease" tsis tshua muaj tus kabmob no, uas yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov kev pabcuam hauv cov hnyuv. Hauv qhov no, tus me nyuam yuav tsum ua kom muaj kev noj haus hauv txhua lub neej, uas cov khoom noj uas muaj glutens muaj tag nrho tawm ntawm kev noj haus.
Li niaj zaus tau noj cov khoom noj uas muaj glutens nyob rau hauv qhov ntau yuav ua rau muaj mob ntawm txoj hnyuv. "Overdose" ntawm no protein nyob rau hauv ib tug me nyuam yog fraught nrog rau kev loj hlob ntawm kev tsis haum rau gluten thiab nws tsis txaus siab.
Intolerance rau gluten (kab mob qog nqaij hlav) tshwm sim thaum tsis muaj cov enzymes uas tsim nyog hauv txoj hnyuv rau nws cov kua nplaum. Feem ntau qhov no yog vim noob caj noob ces, tab sis kev tsim kho kab mob celiac tuaj yeem pab txhawb rau cov khoom noj khoom haus thiab cov khoom noj khoom haus ntau nrog gluten.
Cov tsos mob ntawm kev ua xua rau gluten
Kev tsis haum rau gluten tsis txheeb ze rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tshwm sim tau pom tsuas yog tom qab 2-3 lub lis piam tom qab tau noj nrog zaub mov ntawm no protein. Cov tsos mob ntawm kev tsis haum rau gluten yog:
- tus kab mob plab hnyuv (muaj cov quav tawv nqaij uas muaj lub ntsej muag txhav, nrom, me nyuam kev tsis txaus siab ntawm mob plab);
- Inhibition ntawm lub cev kev loj hlob (tus me nyuam tsis loj hlob thiab tsis nce phaus);
- cov kev hloov ntawm qhov system hauv lub cev (kev ntxhov siab, kev poob siab, kev pw tsaug zog).
Khoom noj khoom haus tsis gluten
Yog tias kev pub niam mis tsis tuaj yeem ua rau qee yam, ces thaum xaiv cov niam txiv hloov lub cev, niam yuav tsum tau xaiv cov menyuam mos ab tsis pub mis tsis pub mis. Qhov no yuav zam dhau tej teeb meem nrog kev zom thiab ua xua.
Yuav kom txo tau txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus kab mob celiac, nws yog qhov zoo uas yuav tau ntsib cov cereals nrog cov cereals tsis gluten - mov, pob kws thiab buckwheat. Tsuas yog cov 3 hom cereals tsis muaj nyob rau hauv lawv cov qauv muaj protein ntau uas yog hnyav rau kev quav tshuaj los ntawm txoj hnyuv tsis paub.