Glucocorticoids yog ib hom tshuaj hormones tau tsim los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab cathex adrenal. Ib qho ntawm cov hormones yog cortisone, uas thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm lub siab hloov mus rau lwm yam tshuaj - hydrocortisone (cortisol). Cortisol yog lub npe nto moo tshaj plaws thiab tseem ceeb rau tib neeg lub cev. Cov tshuaj raws li cov tshuaj hormones tau siv txij li 40 tawm xyoo dhau los.
Cov hom roj ntawm cov khoom cua
Rau hnub tim, ntxiv rau ntuj glucocorticoids, muaj ntau cov tshuaj, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom tsim tawm, uas tau muab faib ua ob hom:
- fluorinated (dexamethasone, betamethasone, thiab lwm yam);
- uas tsis yog fluorinated (prednisone, prednisolone).
Lawv yog cov uas ua tau zoo dua thaum siv qis dua. Ntxiv rau, cov tshuaj fluorinated glucocorticoids muaj feem qis tshaj ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim.
Kev siv cov tshuaj-glucocorticoids
Npaj nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm glucocorticoids, yog siv rau ib tug loj loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov kab mob loj, tk. muaj kev txawv txav ntawm lub cev.
Cov nquag tsis tuaj rau cov tshuaj yeeb ntawm cov neeg no yog:
- bronchial hawb pob ;
- rheumatoid kev mob caj dab;
- leukemia;
- mononucleosis;
- kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij (dermatitis, eczema);
- anemia;
- mob ntsws o;
- tsis haum cov kab mob;
- pancreatitis;
- kab mob siab.
Cov mechanism ntawm kis tsis nkag siab, tab sis cov nyhuv ntawm kev siv cov glucocorticoids tuaj yeem ua tshuaj tiv thaiv, immunoregulating, anti-allergic, los tiv thaiv kev poob siab. Kev npaj yog muab nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntaub ntawv:
- tshuaj txau;
- ntsiav tshuaj;
- muab tshuaj pleev;
- ointments;
- dej rau kev txhaj tshuaj thiab nqus pa.
Sau cov tshuaj-glucocorticoids
Cov npe ntawm cov txhais tau tias yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev. Cov tseem nto moo thiab zoo yog:
- Cortisone - koom nrog kev hloov kev hloov;
- Prednisolone - 4 zaug ntxiv zoo tshaj Hydrocortisone;
- Prednisone - tsis pom zoo rau cov teeb meem nrog lub siab;
- Methylprednisolone - haum rau kev kho mob ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj rog, kev mob hlwb, mob ntsws;
- Triamcinolone - muaj ib qho kev cuam tshuam ntau dua li prednisolone, nrog cov lus hais tshwm sim los ntawm cov leeg thiab tawv nqaij;
- Dexamethasone yog ib qho kev npaj zoo rau kev siv mus sij hawm luv;
- Betamethasone yog cov tshuaj ze tshaj plaws rau dexamethasone.
Tej teebmeem ntawm glucocorticoids
Possessing tus nab npawb ntawm cov khoom zoo, cov kab mob glucocorticoids tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis haum. Tias yog vim li cas lawv thiaj li raug xaiv los ua cov hoob kawm luv lossis siv rau hauv cov rooj plaub tshwj xeeb. Kev npaj ntawm cov pab pawg neeg ntawm glucocorticoids tuaj yeem ua rau cov hauv qab no tsis pom zoo:
- osteoporosis, femoral taub hau necrosis;
- kev pob txha ntawm pob txha;
- poob ntawm daim tawv nqaij turgor;
- tsos ntawm txoj kab, thinning, hemorrhages;
- nce hauv lub cev hnyav;
- ua txhaum ntawm lub xeev kev puas hlwb;
- ntshav qab zib;
- inhibition ntawm puberty;
- mob ntawm cov hnyuv (txoj hlab pas, qhov hnyuv thiab plab hnyuv).
- kab mob tsis zoo ( glaucoma , cataract).