Qee cov neeg uas koom nrog qee yam kev ua si (piv txwv li, cov kws ua zaub mov, cov neeg tuaj ncig xyuas tebchaws) yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov cuab yeej xws li rab riam. Hlau, los ntawm qhov uas nws yog tsim, txawv nyob rau hauv nws hom, ntxiv ntsiab lus uas ua li nws muaj pes tsawg leeg, hardness. Yog li ntawd, muaj ntau tus xav nyob rau hauv cov lus nug: cas steel yog zoo dua rau ib rab riam?
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm steel rau riam
Qhov zoo ntawm cov riam yog ncaj qha cuam tshuam los ntawm nws cov yeeb yam nram qab no:
- Lub hardness ntawm steel rau riam . Nws tuaj yeem raug xa mus rau qhov kev muaj peev xwm ntawm kev sib raug zoo rau qhov kev quab yuam lossis khawb, uas tuaj yeem xa tawm los ua ib qho nyuaj. Raws li txoj cai, riam hniav muaj lub zog ntawm 40-60 HRC. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los xaiv ib rab riam uas yuav muaj qhov nyuaj rau ntawm 50-60 HRC.
- Lub zog ntawm cov hlau - lub sij hawm no qhia txog kev txwv, tshaj qhov uas ua rau lub cev los yog kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov hniav. Raws li lub tswvyim no, qhov riam tus yam ntxwv, xws li kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua haujlwm, kuj raug txiav txim siab. Ib cov tshooj yas yuav ua rau nws deev, hloov nws cov duab, tab sis tsis rhuav. Lub cev tsis kho yuav raug rhuav tshem txawm tias muaj me ntsis deformation.
- Hnav kuj ntawm hlau . Nws yog lub peev xwm los tuav cov duab ntawm lub ntsej muag uas raug kev sib txhuam. Coj kev ua haujlwm yog ncaj qha ntsig txog lub zog ntawm cov hlau. Nws yog siab zog qhov riam.
Dab tsi yog cov hlau zoo dua mus yuav ib rab riam?
Hlau muaj iron thiab carbon, uas muaj peev xwm muaj nyob rau hauv high, medium los yog tsawg tsawg. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj xws li tshuaj ntxiv - nws yog chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, nickel, manganese, silicon.
Yuav kom txiav txim siab ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws mus yuav ib rab riam, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau kawm txog nws tus kheej yam ntxwv.
Ntau riam yog tsim los ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav steel. Nws muaj cov yeeb yam no:
- zoo yooj yim;
- feem xyuam rau lub zog;
- kev siab tawv;
- lub xub ntiag ntawm xws li tshuaj ntxiv xws li manganese, chromium, silicon, npib tsib xee.
Cov kev tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom muaj xws li lub siab mus corrosion.
Riam los ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav hlau tuaj yeem hu ua universal: ntawm lawv muaj cov chav ua noj, thiab neeg ncig chaw , thiab tub rog.
Qhov nrov tshaj plaws yog lub laminated hlau rau cov riam. Feem ntau, xws li ib rab riam muaj ib lub hauv paus, rau cov khoom siv uas siv cov tshuab ua cov nyom siab, thiab ob sab sib tsoo ntawm cov hlau ntau dua.
Cov qhab nia hlau rau riam
Cov nyiaj ntawm cov riam hlau feem ntau yog cov xeeb ceem ntawm chromium hauv lawv. Nws ntxiv nyob rau hauv thiaj li nce lub tsis kam ntawm corrosion alloy, lub riam yog tsawg them nrog xeb. Tab sis tib lub sij hawm, chromium yog xam nyob rau hauv txo lub zog ntawm cov hlau, yog li nws yog ntxiv nyob rau hauv tej nqi.
Cov hom hlau ntau tshaj plaws yog cov yuav tsum tau ua raws li nram qab no:
- Hniav hniav, uas muaj qhov tiv thaiv tsis zoo tshaj plaws rau corrosion, kuj yog characterized los ntawm kev coj ua zoo - lawv muaj AUS6, 7Cr17MoV, 65x3, Sandvik 12C27.
- Riam hniav tuaj ntawm cov hlau, uas muaj kev xyuam xim thiab muaj zog - cov no yog cov hom AUS8, 440B, 95x18, Sandvik 19C27, Sandvik 13C26.
- Tuaj ntshav uas muaj qhov tsis zoo rau corrosion thiab qhov loj tshaj ntawm cov riam yog hnav-tiv taus - lawv muaj xws li steel qib 154CM / ATS-34, VG-10, AUS10, 440C.
Thaum kawm txog tus kheej ntawm cov hlau rau cov riam, koj tuaj yeem xaiv koj tus kheej qhov zoo rau koj.