Indonesia - qhov loj tshaj plaws hauv lub xeev, nws coasts yog ntxuav los ntawm cov dej ntawm cov Indian thiab Pacific Oceans. Ntawm no, loj biodiversity thiab nplua nuj kab lis kev cai , thiab cov tuam tsev tshwj xeeb ntawm Indonesia - qhov no yog lwm txoj hau kev tuaj rau lub teb chaws no.
Muaj ntau lub tuam tsev nyob rau hauv Indonesia: cov tuam tsev, lub tsev kawm ntawv, pawg ntseeg, cov pawg ntseeg thiab tag nrho cov kev cai dab qhuas. Ntawm lawv muaj ob qho tam sim no cov tuam tsev thiab kaw thiab muaj kev tiv thaiv, uas niaj hnub no tsis yog ib qho kev cai dab qhuas, tiam sis tseem yog ib lub vaj tsev thiab keeb kwm monument. Los ntawm tug kheej, cov tuam tsev hauv Indonesia yog Catholic, Buddhist thiab Hindu.
Catholic Temples ntawm Indonesia
Catholicism nyob rau hauv Indonesia tshwm kuj tsis ntev los no. Kwv yees li ntawm 100-150 xyoo dhau los, cov neeg nyob hauv teb chaws Europe tau pib yuav av thiab tsim cov tsev kawm Vajluskub Catholic, seminaries thiab pawg ntseeg. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov nram qab no Catholic pawg ntseeg nyob rau Indonesia:
- St. Peter Cathedral nyob rau hauv Bandung , lub cathedral ntawm lub diocese ntawm Bandung. Lub tuam tsev sawv ntsug ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub zog qub ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm St Francis. Lub cathedral tau ua raws li peb tes num ntawm tus kws kes duab vajtse los ntawm Holland Charles Wolff Shemaker. Kev fij tseg ntawm lub tuam tsev tshiab tau tsim rau Lub Ob Hlis 19, 1922.
- Lub Cathedral ntawm Blessed Virgin Mary nyob hauv lub nroog ntawm Bogor , lub cathedral ntawm lub diocese, yog suav hais tias yog lub tuam tsev loj tshaj plaws rau cov kob ntawm Java. Tus founder ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj yog tus npis sov ntawm Netherlands, Adam Carolus Klassens. Lub facade ntawm lub tsev decorated nrog ib tug pej thuam Madonna thiab tus me nyuam.
- Cathedral ntawm lub Blessed Virgin Mary nyob hauv lub nroog ntawm Semarang , lub cathedral ntawm lub Diocese ntawm Semarang. Nws yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv teev cov kev cai tseem ceeb ntawm Indonesia. Lub tuam tsev tau ua rau lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm pawg ntseeg qub pawg ntseeg xyoo 1935.
Hindu Temples ntawm Indonesia
Raws li lwm qhov hauv lub ntiaj teb, Hindu cov tuam tsev nyob rau hauv Islands tuaj ntawm Indonesia ras nrog lawv txawv txawv thiab xav tsis thoob zoo nkauj. Cov nram qab no cov khoom ntawm Hindu architecture yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrov nrog pilgrims thiab tourists:
- Garuda Vishnu Kenchana yog ib qho chaw ua si ntawm Bukit Peninsula, uas nthuav dav rau cov pej thuam coob ntawm vajtswv Vishnu nyob rau hauv ntiaj teb - 146 m. Cov kab mob sculptural tseem tsis tau tuaj yeem ua ke, tab sis twb tau ntau cov neeg ntseeg lawm. Nyob rau hauv lub tiaj ua si, cais muab lub taub hau, ob txhais tes thiab ib tug pej thuam ntawm Vishnu nyob rau hauv anticipation ntawm lub rooj sib txoos.
- Gedong Songo - ib lub tuam tsev loj loj, nyob hauv plawv nroog Java . Txoj haujlwm suav nrog 5 temples. Nws tau ua nyob rau hauv VIII-IX centuries BC. nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm lub nceeg vaj ntawm Mataram. Tag nrho cov tuam tsev tau txhim tsa lub pob zeb hluav taws thiab yog cov txheej txheem Hindu tshaj plaws rau cov kob ntawm Java. Lub tuam tsev tus naj npawb 3 nyob rau hauv txoj kev yog decorated nrog cov duab ntawm tiv thaiv.
- Chandi - tus thiaj li hu tag nrho cov thawj cov tuam tsev ntawm Hinduism thiab Buddhism, ua nyob rau hauv Medieval Indonesia. Archaeologists nco ntsoov qee cov vaj tse sib xyaw ntawm cov canons ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm Medieval Is Nrias teb thiab cov tseem ceeb ntawm ntau ancient kab lis kev cai. Tag nrho cov vaj tse yog cov voos plaub ntug, cov square los yog cov kab uas muaj cross-shaped nrog lub hauv paus thiab qhov sib txuam npog npog ntau. Qhov piv txwv ntau tshaj plaws yog lub thaj ntawm Dieng thiab Borobudur . Txhua lub tuam tsev yog ob qho tib si ua lub tuam tsev thiab ib lub vauj tsev ntawm cov thawj coj kav.
- Prambanan yog ib qho loj ntawm cov tuam tsev ntawm Chandi, yos rov qab mus rau lub caij nyoog thaum ntxov. Prabmanan nyob hauv plawv ntawm cov kob ntawm Java. Ntsuas ua tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 10 thaum lub xeev Mataram. Txij xyoo 1991 nws yog UNESCO World Heritage Site. Raws li cov lus dab neeg, tag nrho txoj hauv lub tuam tsev tau ua vim qhov kev hlub tsis muaj kev hlub li ib lub tuam tsev nrog 1000 tus vaj ntxwv.
- Besakih - ib lub tuam tsev cov tuam tsev nyob, nyob ntawm ib qhov chaw siab tshaj 1 km saum hiav txwv theem ntawm cov huab. Lub hnub nyoog ntawm lub tuam tsev muaj ntau tshaj li 3 txhiab xyoo, qhov teeb meem muaj ntau dua 20 lub tuam tsev sib txawv nrog ib tus neeg lub npe thiab lub hom phiaj. Lub chaw uas zoo tshaj plaws yog tsim kom muaj ntau tus duab ntawm cov dab sib txawv thiab deities. Lub tuam tsev ua haujlwm, tsuas yog Hindus tuaj yeem nkag mus.
Haujsam Temples ntawm Indonesia
Mysterious temples thiab ancient cov tuam tsev ancient yog cov txheej txheem loj tshaj plaws hauv thaj chaw Indonesia. Cov nyiam tshaj plaws ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb thiab cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi:
- Borobudur yog ib tug xibfwb loj loj thiab ib lub tuam tsev loj ntawm Mahayana Buddhism kev lig kev cai. Ua rau cov kob ntawm Java ntawm 750 thiab 850, lub stupa ntawm Borobudur yog ib qho chaw ntawm pawg pilgrimage. Nws muaj 8 tiers. Sab saum toj muaj 72 leeg me me nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib lub tswb, sab hauv muaj 504 Buddha statues thiab 1460 cov kev cai dab qhuas. Lub tuam tsev tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub zoov nuj txeeg nyob rau hauv txheej ntawm volcanic tshauv nyob rau hauv 1814. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no, nws tau sawv rau 800 xyoo.
- Lub tuam tsev ancient ntawm Muaro Jambi nyob ntawm cov kob ntawm Sumatra . Txawm ua rau hauv XI-XIII xyoo AD. Nws yog ib thaj tsam ntawm cov txheej txheem loj archaeological excavations. Nws ntseeg hais tias qhov no yog qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov txheej txheem ancient Tuam Tsev hauv tuam tsev nyob hauv tag nrho cov neeg sab hnub tuaj Asia. Feem ntau ntawm lub tuam tsev tseem nyob hauv hav zoov. Lub complex yog ua los ntawm liab cib, dai kom zoo nkauj nrog sculptures thiab carvings.
- Buddhist tuam tsev Muara Takus yog ib lub loj tshaj plaws thiab feem ntau tshwj xeeb cov tuam tsev ntawm cov kob ntawm Sumatra. Nws yog lub teb chaws monument thiab lub plawv ntawm cov lag luam loj loj txij thaum xyoo 1860. Tag nrho txoj hauv kev yog surrounded by phab ntsa zeb nrog xauv. Hauv cov phab ntsa hauv lub tuam tsev muaj 4 tus xibfwb stupas. Tag nrho cov qauv no yog tsim los ntawm ob hom khoom: pob zeb liab thiab sandstone.
- Brahmavihara Kev tshawb nrhiav yog qhov loj tshaj plaws hauv lub tuam tsev ntawm cov kob ntawm Bali . Nws yog ua haujlwm, ua hauv xyoo 1969. Lub tsev yog dai kom zoo raws li txhua kab lig kev cai ntawm Buddhism: sab nrauv kho kom zoo nkauj sab nrauv, ntau lub paj thiab greenery, kub ntawm pob zeb, cov txiv kab ntxwv lub ru tsev.