Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev txheeb xyuas tuberculosis - Mantoux test, ib qho kev sim rau Pirke cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, hnoos qeev tsom thiab lwm tus. Tuberculosis ntawm lub ntsws yog qhov yooj yim rau kev kuaj mob raws li fluorography. Hmoov tsis, feem ntau ntawm cov kev xeem no feem ntau muab cov kev xav tsis zoo thiab tsis tseeb, uas xav tau kev pom zoo ntxiv. Tias yog vim li cas cov ntshav mus kuaj rau tuberculosis yog tau txais nyob rau hauv tej chaw - qhov no muaj qis dua qhov yuam kev.
Yuav ua li cas justified yog ib txoj kev kuaj ntshav rau pulmonary tuberculosis?
Yog tias koj txaus siab rau kev kuaj ntshav li cas rau tuberculosis, nws tuaj yeem ntseeg tau hais tias tag nrho cov kev kuaj kev nrawm yuav pab tau qee yam. Cia txoj kev kuaj ntshav tsis tuaj yeem txhawm rau kuaj pom tus Koch bacillus, los yog lwm yam mob mycobacteria uas ua rau tuberculosis, nws yuav pab nrhiav kev kho mob ntawm tus neeg mob. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog zoo qhia tau hais tias lub peev xwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv tawm tsam kab mob. Kev hloov ntawm kev soj ntsuam cov ntshav nyob rau hauv tuberculosis feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov kua mis leukocyte thiab sedimentation tus nqi ntawm erythrocytes, ESR. Yog tias qhov ntsuas pom tshwm ntsej muag rau tus kws kho mob tej yam txawv, nws yuav muab cov kev tshawb fawb ntxiv, xws li:
- hnoos qeev tsom;
- bronchoscopy ;
- fluorography ;
- kev kuaj tuberculin.
Kev tshawb xyuas yav dhau los tsis tuaj yeem pom zoo thaum ib tus neeg twb tau txais BCG tshuaj tiv thaiv lawm. Tias yog vim li cas qhov kev mob ntawm tuberculosis tab tom zuj zus siv los soj ntsuam ntshav, uas qhia txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov mob mycobacteria ntawm tuberculosis, MBT. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, ntau hom kev tshawb fawb tau siv:
- kev kuaj quinthyferon rau tuberculosis;
- enzyme immunoassay;
- T-SPOT test;
- polymerase chain reaction.
Cov txiaj ntsim ntawm kev mob ntsws ntshav los ntawm kev ntsuas ntshav
Lub npe ntawm txhua txoj kev kuaj ntshav rau tuberculosis qhia meej txog qhov essence ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ntau npaum li cas yog los ntawm kev tshawb pom ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv cov ntshav, uas yog, nws txiav txim siab txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Txoj kev tshawb no yog qhov tseeb, tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem siv los txiav txim seb cov pob txha, cov ntsws, lossis lwm yam kabmob muaj cuam tshuam.
Immunoenzymatic analysis kuj qhia nyob rau hauv cov ntshav antigen antibodies, enzymes uas ua los ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm kev tiv thaiv. Nyob rau hauv parallel, txoj kev tshawb no qhia qhov sib txawv ntawm cov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv thiab cov qualitative-quantitative tivthaiv ntawm cov ntshav, uas tswj qhov kev tsim ntawm kev kuaj zaum kawg.
T-SPOT test yog ceev heev thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo. Qhov kev tsom xam raws li suav ntawm T hlwb hauv cov ntshav. Cov hlwb no yeej qhib los ntawm antigen rau MBT. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tso cai rau qhia ob leeg qhib thiab kaw daim ntawv ntawm tus kab mob, nws yog qhov tseeb ntawm 95%.
Polymerase chain reaction, los yog PCR, yog ib qho kev sim hypersensitive thev raws li kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov khoom tawg DNA hauv cov ntshav. Qhov no yog txoj kev tshawb nrhiav, tab sis nws qhov tseeb yog qhov loj tshaj.
Ntawm no yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev txhim kho tuberculosis los ntawm kev kuaj ntshav:
- muaj peev xwm los laij cov kab mob hauv ob peb teev;
- tsis tas yuav rov ntsuas dua;
- tsawg dua qhov tsis zoo thiab tsis pom qhov tsis zoo;
- siab raug ntawm txoj kev tshawb no.