Lub hauv paus rau kev kuaj mob ntawm ntau cov kab mob yog ib txoj kev kuaj ntshav. Nws muaj ntau yam sib txawv: nws yog cov ntshav cov ntshav ntawm hemoglobin, erythrocytes, platelets thiab leukocytes, thiab tus nqi ntawm erythrocyte sedimentation, thiab cov kua mis leukocyte. Txaus siab tshaj qhov kev soj ntsuam, suav nyiaj rau txhua qhov kev tsis txaus siab, tsuas yog ib tus kws tsim tshwj xeeb, vim lawv tus kheej cov kev ntsuas no muaj tsawg los hais thiab tsuas yog nyob rau hauv txoj kev kuaj ntshav xwb yuav muab tag nrho cov duab kho mob ntawm tus neeg mob.
Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov cim tseem ceeb yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntshav ntawm cov qog ntshav - cov qe ntshav dawb. Hom leukocytes no yog lub luag hauj lwm rau kev lees paub ntawm txawv teb chaws lub cev nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev thiab tsim ntawm ib qho kev tiv thaiv kab mob rau qhov stimulus no. Qhov no txhais tias lymphocytes yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev tsis muaj zog: lawv sib ntaus tawm tsam txawv teb chaws "cov neeg ua haujlwm" nyob rau hauv cellular level, txi lawv tus kheej rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txuag lub cev, thiab tseem lav ua cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Lymphocytes yog tsim los ntawm cov pob txha pob txha thiab qog cov qog.
Cov qog ntawm lymphocytes nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ntawm ib tug me nyuam
Hauv cov laus thiab cov menyuam yaus, feem ntau ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav qis kuj txawv txav. Yog tias hauv cov neeg laus feem pua ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav qis rau tag nrho cov nyhuvocytes muaj li 34-38%, tus me nyuam yau, qhov ntau dua ntawm cov qe ntshav dawb: 31% ntawm ib xyoos, 4 xyoos 50%, 6 xyoo - 42% thiab 10 xyoo - 38%.
Qhov kev zam ntawm qhov sib txawv no yog thawj lub lim tiam ntawm tus me nyuam lub neej, thaum tus lymphocytes muaj pes tsawg 22-25%. Tom qab ntawd, feem ntau yog rau hnub 4 tom qab yug tus menyuam, nws nce tuaj yeem thiab maj mam pib yau nrog hnub nyoog, qeeb heev. Zoo li txhua tus qauv, cov ntsiab lus ntawm lymphocytes nyob rau hauv cov ntshav yog ib lub sij hawm txheeb ze. Nws tuaj yeem hloov mus rau ib qho kev coj los yog lwm qhov, nyob ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob inflammatory uas tshwm sim hauv tus menyuam lub cev. Cov lymphocytes ncaj qha ntsig txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob: nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, lawv tus xovtooj nce mus sai (qhov no hu ua lymphocytosis), hauv lwm zaus nws tuaj yeem txo qis (lymphopenia).
Kev ua raws lossis kev tsis txaus siab nrog cov qauv ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntsiab lus qog no yog txiav txim siab los ntawm kev soj ntsuam cov ntshav nrog ib hom kua roj ntsha.
Muaj ntau theem ntawm cov qog ntshav ntawm cov menyuam yaus
Yog tias qhov kev ntsuam xyuas pom tau tias muaj cov qog ntshav hauv ib qho me nyuam, qhov no yuav qhia tau ntau yam kab mob sib txawv, ntawm qhov feem ntau yog cov hauv qab no:
- Cov kab mob "thaum yau": kab mob pertussis, measles, chicken pox, mumps;
- kab mob loj dua thiab txaus ntshai: typhus, toxoplasmosis, kis kab mob siab ntsws, tuberculosis;
- lub sijhawm rov qab los ntawm tus menyuam tom qab kis kab mob lawm;
- cov kab mob ntawm lub qhov kawg ntawm lub cev.
Yog tias muaj coob tus atypical lymphocytes tau pom nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ntawm tus menyuam, qhov tseeb no feem ntau yuav qhia tau hais tias kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob inflamious mononucleosis, yog ib yam kab mob viral uas feem ntau pom muaj hauv cov menyuam yaus. Tib lub sijhawm, vim muaj cov kab mob qog no, tag nrho cov leukocytes nyob rau hauv cov ntshav nce, thiab lub atypical lymphocytes lawv tus kheej, hloov, ua zoo ib yam li cov monocytes.
Thiab yog cov lymphocytes hauv tus me nyuam raug txo qis?
Lymphopenia feem ntau tshwm sim vim muaj kev txawv txav ntawm kev tsim cov qog ntshav ntawm lub cev (piv txwv, nyob rau hauv cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob hauv lub cev). Txwv tsis pub, qhov txo nyob rau hauv tus naj npawb ntawm cov qog lymphocytes yog lub txim ntawm kis kab mob nrog o. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, muaj kev tawm ntawm lymphocytes los ntawm cov hlab ntsha mus rau kis kab mob thiab cov nqaij. Cov qauv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov kab mob zoo li no yog AIDS, tuberculosis, ntau yam purulent-inflammatory processes.
Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov txo qis qog nqaij hlav qis yog raug rau cov neeg mob uas siv hluav taws xob los yog cov kws khomob, noj cov tshuaj corticosteroid nrog Ischenko-Cushing syndrome. Txo cov qe ntshav dawb yuav ua tau txawm tias thaum muaj kev nyuab siab heev.