Kev mob kev mob caj dab - ua rau thiab kho cov ntaub ntawv mob thiab mob ntev

Cov neeg niaj hnub no muaj kev saib xyuas hluav taws xob thiab lub txim, vim hais tias lub xeem loj-teeb meem muaj ntau tshaj 30 xyoo dhau los. Ionizing tawg yog tsis pom, tab sis yuav ua rau tib neeg lub cev yuav ua rau muaj kev phom sij thiab tsis tshua muaj kev hloov. Hauv loj, ib zaug tau txais koob tshuaj, nws yog qhov tuag taus.

Dab tsi yog hluav taws xob mob?

Los ntawm lub sij hawm no txhais tau hais tias yog ib qho kev mob ntsws, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm txhua yam kev sib tawg. Nws yog nrog cov tsos mob uas nyob ntawm ntau yam:

• hom ionizing hluav taws xob;
• tus tau txais koob tshuaj;
• tus nqi ntawm qhov kev ntxub ntxaug hluav taws nkag hauv lub cev;
• qhov chaw nyob;
• faib ntawm koob tshuaj rau hauv tib neeg lub cev.

Mob qaum

Xws li ib chav ntawm pathology tshwm sim los ntawm cov teebmeem zoo ntawm ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm hluav taws xob. Kab mob ua rau neeg mob muaj kab mob nyob rau hauv cov kev ntsuas irradiation ntau dhau 100 rad (1 Gy). Qhov ntim ntawm cov khoom cua no yuav tsum tau muab ib zaug, rau ib lub sijhawm luv luv. Cov kab mob tawg ntawm daim ntawv no tam sim ntawd ua rau pom tshwm sim tshwm sim. Thaum noj ntau tshaj 10 Gy, ib tug neeg tuag tom qab lub sijhawm luv luv.

Mob loj heev mob

Qhov teeb meem ntawm no yog ib txoj kev kho mob hnyav. Cov kab mob ntev ntawm tus kab mob no yog pom tias yog qhov kev siv tshuaj yaj yeeb tsis muaj zog, muaj li 10-50 radians ib hnub ntev. Cov cim tshwj xeeb ntawm pathology tshwm sim thaum tus nqi ntawm ionization nce mus txog 70-100 rad (0.7-1 Gy). Qhov teeb meem ntawm qhov kev ntsuam xyuas raws sij hawm thiab kev kho mob tom ntej no yog nyob rau hauv qhov kev mob siab ntawm cellular renewal. Cov nqaij ntshiv raug kho rov qab, thiab cov tsos mob yuav pom tsis ntev.

Ua rau hluav taws xob mob

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov lus piav qhia tshwm sim nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim:

• Xaj hluav taws xob;
• ions, suav nrog alpha thiab beta;
• gamma rays;
• neutrons;
• protons;
• muons thiab lwm yam elementary.

Ua rau hluav taws xob nyob hauv daim ntawv mob:

• technogenic catastrophes nyob rau hauv thaj teb ntawm nuclear zog;
• siv tag nrho irradiation hauv oncology, hematology, rheumatology;
• siv riam phom nuclear.

Cov kab mob tawg paj nrog ib hom kev kawm muaj kev tiv thaiv tsis zoo rau cov keeb kwm ntawm:

• nquag radiographic los yog radionuclide cov kev tshawb fawb tshuaj;
• kev ua dej num uas muaj feem xyuam nrog ionizing hluav taws xob;
• noj zaub mov thiab dej tsis huv;
• qhov chaw nyob hauv cov qauv xov tooj cua.

Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm hluav taws xob mob

Cov hom pathology uas tau nthuav tawm yog cais cais rau cov kab mob thiab mob tsis ntev ntawm tus kab mob. Hauv thawj cov ntaub ntawv, cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no yog qhov txawv:

1. Pob txha pob txha. Sib ntsib mus rau ib qho tshuaj txhaj hluav taws xob 1-6 Gy. Qhov no tsuas yog hom kab mob pathology uas muaj degrees thiab qhov ntev ntawm kev mob.
2. Ntej. Nws tsim tom qab kis tau tus kab mob ionizing nyob rau hauv ib koob 6-10 Gy. Ib qho txaus ntshai, qee zaum ua rau tuag.
3. Hnoos. Ua ntej thaum raug hluav taws xob yog 10-20 Gy. Cov cim tshwj xeeb raug pom nyob rau thawj feeb ntawm qhov lesion, qhov tshwm sim ua rau tshwm sim muaj tom qab 8-16 hnub vim tias tag nrho cov plab hnyuv plab epithelium.
4. Kab Mob Vascular. Lwm lub npe yog hom tshuaj lom neeg mob hnyav, sib thooj rau kev noj tshuaj ionization ntawm 20-80 Gy. Txoj kev tuag tshwm sim tom qab 4-7 hnub tiv thaiv cov keeb kwm ntawm tus kab mob loj heev hemodynamic.
5. Kab mob pob txha (fulminant, acute). Cov duab kos yog los ntawm kev poob siab thiab qhov poob ntawm cov ntshav siab tom qab raug hluav taws xob kub ntawm 80-120 Gy. Qhov kev tshwm sim muaj tshwm sim hauv thawj 3 hnub, qee zaus tus neeg tuag nyob hauv ob peb teev.
6. Tuag hauv qab. Thaum noj tsawg dua 120 Gy, tus kab mob nyob hauv lub cev tuag kiag tam sim ntawd.

Radiation ntev mob yog faib rau 3 hom:

1. Yooj yim. Cov hluav taws xob sab nraud txhua lub sijhawm ntev.
2. Inhomogeneous. Nws muaj xws li sab nraud thiab sab hauv lub cev uas muaj kev cuam tshuam rau ntawm lub cev thiab cov nqaij.
3. Tag nrho. Tsis sib luag rau hluav taws xob (lub zos thiab lub cev) nrog rau kev txuam rau tag nrho cov kab mob hauv lub cev.

Cov qib ntawm cov kab mob tawg

Qhov loj ntawm qhov ua txhaum yog raug soj ntsuam raws li tus nqi hluav taws xob tau txais. Cov teeb meem ntawm qhov hluav taws xob tawg:

• lub teeb - 1-2 Gy;
• nruab nrab-hnyav - 2-4 Gy;
• hnyav - 4-6 Gy;
• tsis tshua hnyav - ntau dua 6 Gy.

Radiation muaj mob - cov tsos mob

Daim duab saib ntawm pathology nyob ntawm nws cov duab thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau hauv nruab nrog cev thiab cov ntaub so ntswg. Tej yam tshwm sim ntawm hluav taws xob mob ntawm ib qho yooj yim theem:

• tsis muaj zog;
• xeev siab;
• mob taub hau;
• hais lus ntsej mua nce ntshav;
• nkees nkees;
• nkees;
• zoo nkaus li tsis muaj zog, ua rau lub qhov ncauj tsuag siab .

Cov tsos mob ntawm hluav taws xob kis tau rau hnyav degrees:

• ntuav;
• kub cev;
• zawv plab;
• loj heev ntawm daim tawv nqaij;
• tsaus muag;
• mob taub hau loj heev;
• hypotension;
• imprecision ntawm pulse;
• bradycardia ;
• tsis ua haujlwm;
• convulsive twitching ntawm lub nqua;
• tsis muaj qab los noj mov;
• khaus;
• plab hnyuv txhuam ;
• los ntshav;
• qhov tsim ntawm ulcers on mucous membranes;
• poob plaub hau;
• thinning, nkig tes;
• cuam ​​tshuam ntawm qhov chaw mos plab hnyuv siab raum;
• mob hauv plawv ;
• tus kab mob ntsws kabmob;
• trembling ntawm cov ntiv tes;
• disappearance ntawm tendon reflexes;
• tsis muaj zog cov nqaij;
• sab hauv hemorrhages;
• deterioration dua ntawm kev ua si hauv lub cev;
• kab mob siab thiab lwm tus.

Lub sijhawm muaj hluav taws xob tawg

Kev raug mob loj ua rau muaj 4 phaus. Txhua lub sij hawm nyob ntawm theem ntawm cov kab mob tawg mob thiab nws cov mob hnyav:

1. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thawj zaug. Qhov pib theem pib 1-5 hnub, nws lub sij hawm yog xam raws li qhov tau txais kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm irradiation - tus nqi ntawm Gy + 1. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tseem ceeb yog kev qaug zog ntawm lub cev , uas muaj 5 yam pib qhia - mob taub hau, tsis muaj zog, ntuav, .
2. Imaginary zoo. Lub sijhawm "taug kev tuag" yog qhia tias tsis muaj ib qho kev kuaj mob. Tus neeg mob xav tias kev tawg mob raug mob, tab sis cov kev hloov ntawm lub cev muaj zog tuaj yeem ua haujlwm. Kev kuaj mob ntawm tus kab mob tsuas yog vim muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm cov ntshav muaj pes tsawg leeg.
3. Tshav kub. Hauv qib no, feem ntau ntawm cov tsos mob nyob sab saud muaj cai. Lawv qhov hnyav yog nyob ntawm qhov mob hnyav thiab cov koob tshuaj ionizing hluav taws xob tau txais.
4. Rov qab. Nrog rau kev tso cai hluav taws xob sib xws nrog lub neej, thiab kev kho kom tsim nyog, rov ua haujlwm pib. Tag nrho cov nruab nrog cev thiab lub cev maj mam rov qab ua haujlwm zoo.

Kev mob kev mob caj dab - kho mob

Txoj kev kho yog tsim los tom qab soj ntsuam ntawm tus neeg raug mob. Kev siv hluav taws xob muaj txiaj ntsig zoo nyob ntawm seb qhov kev puas tsuaj thiab qhov kev mob loj ntawm lub ntsws. Thaum tau txais cov koob tshuaj tsawg, nws tuaj yeem nqes kom cheem cov tsos mob ntawm qhov lom thiab ntxuav lub cev ntawm co toxins. Thaum mob hnyav, yuav tsum muaj kev kho tshwj xeeb, tswj kev txhim kho txhua yam teeb meem uas tshwm sim.

Kev mob kev mob caj dab yog thawj qhov kev pab kho mob

Yog tias ib tus neeg raug lub cev, ib pawg kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav tsum raug hu tam sim ntawd. Ua ntej lawv tuaj txog, koj yuav tsum tau ua qee yam ntxias.

Mob ceev nruj tawg - thawj pab:

1. Tawm tag nrho tus neeg raug mob (khaub ncaws ces muab pov tseg).
2. Ntxuav lub cev hauv tus da dej.
3. Nws zoo rau yaug qhov muag, qhov ncauj thiab qhov ntswg qhov ncauj nrog kua dej qab zib.
4. Yaug lub plab thiab cov hnyuv.
5. Muab tshuaj antiemetics (Metoclopramide los yog analogue).

Mob qaum tawg heev - kev kho mob

Thaum nkag mus hauv ib lub tsev kho mob lub tsev kho mob ib tug neeg raug muab tso rau hauv ib pawg sterile (thawv) kom tiv thaiv tau kab mob thiab lwm yam teeb meem ntawm cov kab mob uas tau piav qhia. Cov kab mob tawg paj hlwb yuav tsum tau kho raws li nram qab no:

1. Cessation ntawm ntuav. Npaj Ondansetron, Metoclopramide, neuroleptic Chlorpromazine. Thaum muaj cov kab mob hauv plab, platifillin hydrotartrate lossis atropine sulfate yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws.
2. Detoxification. Droppers nrog ib qho kev siv lub cev thiab cov kua qabzib, Siv Dextran npaj.
3. Hloov kho kho. Cov kab mob hnyav ua rau muaj mob muaj nkeeg. Ua li no, roj emulsions thiab cov ntsiab lus nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm kab kawm, amino acids thiab vitamins - Intralipid, Lipofundin, Infezol, Aminol thiab lwm tus.
4. Restoration ntawm cov ntshav muaj pes tsawg leeg. Yuav kom ceev cov tsim ntawm granulocytes thiab nce lawv concentration nyob rau hauv lub cev intravenously muab Filgrastim. Feem ntau cov neeg mob uas muaj kab mob hauv lub cev kuj pom tau tias ntxiv ntshav txhua hnub.
5. Kev kho thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm tus kab mob. Muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas muaj ntau qhov kev txiav txim - Methylcin, Tseporin, Kanamycin thiab analogues. Txheeb tshuaj lom neeg, xws li hyperimmune, antistaphylococcal plasma, pab ua kom lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.
6. Kev tiv thaiv ntawm kev ua si ntawm plab hnyuv microflora thiab fungi. Hauv qhov no, ib yam nkaus thiab, cov tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsum tau muab kho - Neomycin, Gentamicin, Ristomycin. Kom tiv thaiv candidiasis, Nystatin, Amphotericin B.
7. Kev kho ntawm cov kab mob. Raws li kev tiv thaiv kab mob, Acyclovir tau pom zoo.
8. Sib ntaus los ntshav. Kev txhim kho cov ntshav thiab txhim kho cov kab mob khees vas sab muab cov tshuaj steroid, Dicinone, Rutin, fibrinogen protein, E-ACC npaj.
9. Restoration ntawm microcirculation thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov ntshav txhaws. Siv heparins - Nadroparin, Enoxaparin thiab cov lus sib txawv.
10. Kupirovanie inflammatory kev. Qhov tshwm sim ceev tshaj plaws yog tsim los ntawm prednisolone nyob rau hauv me me koob tshuaj.
11. Kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub cev qhuav dej. Qhia mob plawv glycosides , Nitacamide, Phenylphrine, Sulfphufoxicin.
12. Kev txhim kho ntawm cov cai tswj neuroendocrine. Cov kab mob kis tau rau Novocain, ntxiv cov vitamins B, calcium gluconate.
13. Antiseptic kev kho mob ntawm ulcers on mucous daim nyias nyias. Pom zoo rau yaug dej qab zib los yog novocaine kua, furatsilinom, hydrogen peroxide, emulsion propolis thiab cov zoo li.
14. Kev kho hauv zos rau cov tawv nqaij. Nyob rau qhov chaw hlawv dej ntub cov ntaub ntub yog siv nrog Rivanol, Linol, Furacilin.
15. Symptomatic kev kho mob. Nyob ntawm cov phiajcim muaj, cov neeg mob muaj cov tshuaj tua kabmob, tshuaj tua kabmob thiab cov tshuaj mob, cov tshuaj tua kabmob (tranquilizers).

Kev mob muaj hluav taws xob ntev - kev kho mob

Lub ntsiab ntawm txoj kev kho nyob rau hauv qhov teeb meem no yog kev txuas ntawm kev sib tiv tauj nrog hluav taws xob. Rau qhov mob me me, nws pom zoo:

• vitaminized noj;
• ce kev kho mob;
• ntuj stimulants ntawm lub paj hlwb (lemongrass, ginseng thiab lwm tus);
• kev npaj ntawm bromine nrog caffeine;
• vitamins ntawm pab pawg B;
• on indications - tranquilizers.

Cov kev siv, yuav ua li cas kho cov kab mob hluav taws xob ntawm kev kawm mob hnyav nyob rau hauv theem mob loj, yog zoo tib yam rau cov kev kho mob ntawm cov kev mob ntsws ntawm lub cev. Kev siv ntawm kev kho mob cuam tshuam nyob ntawm:

• degree ntawm kev puas tsuaj phem;
• cov kev qhia ntawm ib nta;
• muaj teeb meem.

Qhov yuav tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob tawg

Qhov xwm ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm qhov ua tsis taus raug haum rau cov hom hlwb nyob rau hauv ionization thiab cov koob tshuaj tau txais. Qhov yuav tshwm sim ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev kub nyhiab:

• shortened life expectancy;
• cataract;
• malignant hlav;
• noob caj noob ces (niam txiv);
• cov kev hloov hauv kev ua me nyuam;
• sclerosis ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cov nqaij;
• pathologies ntawm kev tiv thaiv thiab lwm tus.

Kev mob kev mob caj dab - tiv thaiv

Kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv pab tiv thaiv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm qhov qhia txog pathology. Kev Tiv Thaiv Cov Kab Mob Kis Tawm:

• kuaj xyuas cov cheeb tsam uas raug hluav taws xob;
• kev ua haujlwm ntawm txoj cai tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv;
• txais tos ntawm radioprotectors, vitamin C, B6 thiab P;
• siv hormonal anabolics.