Thaum cultivating grapes, lub ntsiab kev ua hauj lwm ntsib cov gardeners yog muab rau tej yam kev mob rau txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm shrubs mus ntxiv tau ib qho zoo heev sau ntawm delicious thiab noj qab haus huv berries. Kev kho mob ntawm cov txiv hmab los ntawm cov kab mob tom qab lub caij ntuj no muaj xws li ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov kev ntsuas tawm tsam kab mob thiab fungus.
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm caij nplooj ntoos hlav processing ntawm grapes los ntawm cov kab mob
Ua thawj zaug
Thawj kev ua ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav yog nqa tawm nrog tooj liab sulfate tom qab tshem cov npog cov khoom, uas cov nroj tsuag tau ua nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no. Thaum npaj ib qho kev daws teeb meem fungal 200 g ntawm tooj liab sulfate yog diluted nyob rau hauv 10 liv dej. Rau cov tub ntxhais hluas muaj cov kab mob vitriol, koj yuav tsum noj kom tsawg dua 2 zaug. Kev paub gardeners npaj ib tug tov ntawm ib tug daws ntawm tooj liab sulfate thiab txiv qaub mis nyuj haus. Yuav kom qhov no kawg, 100 g ntawm tooj dej vitriol yog bred nyob rau hauv ib lub thawv. Rau cov khoom pleev ntawm cov tshuaj muaj zoo dua yaj, lawv yuav tsum tau ntim nrog dej kub. Thaum lub kua Bordeaux (lub thiaj li hu ua vitreous solution) txias, nyob rau hauv lwm lub tank mis nyuj yog npaj los ntawm 100 g ntawm quicklime (los yog 150 g ntawm slaked txiv qaub) thiab 10 liv dej. Ib tug daws ntawm tooj liab sulfate yog poured rau hauv cov kua mis nrog stirring. Tias cov nyob tus yeees tsis evaporate thaum lub sij hawm txau thiab khaws cia rau ntawm cov nroj tsuag kho, nws yog pom zoo kom ntxiv tshuaj ntxhua khaub ncaws los yog glycerine.
Ua ob
Ua ntej flowering, ob kev ua ntawm kab lis kev cai yog nqa tawm. Nyob rau hauv ntau thaj chaw southerly no lub sij hawm ntog on lub 20th ntawm lub Plaub Hlis Ntuj, nyob rau hauv lub cua sov climatic cheeb tsam - thaum pib ntawm May. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm rau kev ntawm grapes siv xws li cov yeeb tshuaj: Ridomil, Golden Sparkle, Topaz, Theovid-Jed.
Ib qho zoo kawg nkaus muab cov muab ntawm grapes Gibberellin - ib lub ntuj tsim ntawm cog kev loj hlob. Lub ntsiab tshuaj nyob rau hauv kev npaj yog gibberella - fungus, uas activates vegetative txheej txheem. Peb xav hais tias koj siv cov tswv yim nram no thaum npaj cov tshuaj: ua ntej nws muab me me dej cawv, thiab tom qab ntawd nws dilute nrog dej. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo txhuam nraub qaum hauv ib lub taub ntim nrog tov, tom qab tag nrho cov nroj tsuag. Ua tsaug rau Gibberellin, ntau txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog fastened, kev loj hlob ntawm bunches yog stimulated thiab loj ntawm berries yog nce. Ib yam li ntawd, muaj kev cuam tshuam rau Gibbersib, Cveten, Bud, Ovary, Gibberross thiab lwm yam tshuaj los ntawm qhov no. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ua ntej koj yuav khoom ib qho khoom los saib yog tias cov muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj gibberellic acid los yog nws cov ntsev.
Tom qab ua tiav
Thaum lub sij hawm tsim ntawm grape bunches, kev kho mob yog ua los tawm tsam tawm kab tsuag. Cov kab no txau nrog Oxychom, Quadrice, Mospilan. Koj muaj peev xwm rov kho cov txiv hmab nrog Gibberellin, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog hais tias tus berries ntawm cov nroj tsuag, cultivated rau lub site, yog nquag sib tsoo.
Biopreparations rau grapes ua
Cov neeg uas tsis nyiam siv cov tshuaj, muaj lub sijhawm los siv cov khoom tsis muaj tshuaj lom.
Trichodermine Lub fungus-saprophyte, pom nyob rau hauv kev npaj, decomposes organic tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov av rau hauv sib txuas ntawm nitrogen, phosphorus thiab poov tshuaj, yog li enriching lub ntiaj teb. Tsis tas li ntawd, trichoderma suppresses ntau patogens ntawm grape kab mob, nrog rau cov ceg dub, scab, lig blight, powdery mildew . Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas tsis yog hom tshuaj lom neeg muaj peev xwm tov nrog lwm cov chiv.
Phytosporin
Nyob rau hauv lub plawv ntawm lub tshuaj yog ib tug ruaj bacillus uas suppresses parasitic fungi thiab tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm kab mob kab mob. Fitosporin yog cov tshuaj tsis zoo kiag li, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav noj tau rau hnub tom qab, tom qab ntxuav lawv. Koj tuaj yeem siv lwm qhov kev npaj raws li ib tug quav ntim quav - Phytodor. Tsuas pub tias nws muaj cov kab mob hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov kab mob qhuav, kev daws teeb meem yuav tsum tau npaj 1 txog 2 teev ua ntej pib txau.
Qhov zoo tshaj los ua pov thawj rau koj tus kheej thiab lwm yam biologics: Planzir, Pentafag-S, Boverin, Guapsen.
Nws yuav tsum tau rov qab hais tias kev ua ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo, raws li, tseeb, lwm tus vaj nroj tsuag, nws yog zoo dua los mus siv nyob rau hauv thaum yav tsaus ntuj.