Tshuaj lom neeg yog qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg vim kev sib cuag nrog tshuaj lom neeg kua qaub - acid, alkali, kerosene, roj av, phosphorus, bitumen, volatile roj, thiab lwm yam. Feem ntau, cov tshuaj lom neeg tuaj yeem tshwm rau qhov chaw ntawm lub nqua, pob tw, tsawg dua - lub ntsej muag, qhov muag, qhov ncauj, qhov ncauj.
Hom tshuaj lom neeg raug mob
Ntawm hom tshuaj sawv cev sib txawv:
- acid burns (sulfuric, nitric, hydrochloric, hydrofluoric thiab lwm cov acids);
- alkaline burns (potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, thiab lwm yam);
- fluoride burns (hydrofluoric acid);
- phenolic;
- phosphoric thiab lwm tus.
Kev kho mob ua ntej kho mob thiab kev kho mob rau tshuaj lom neeg muaj nyob ntawm seb tus neeg sawv cev, yog li nws yog qhov tseem ceeb kom paub tseeb tias yam tshuaj twg ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj.
Cov qib ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg
Zoo ib yam li thermal burns, cov tshuaj ntawd qhov tob ntawm cov nqaij mos puas raug cais raws li hauv qab no.
- 1 degree - nrog redness thiab o.
- 2 degree - nyob rau ntawm cov tawv nqaij o ntawm cov tawv nqaij, cov kab ua kom loj;
- 3 degree - tag nrho cov txheej ntawm daim tawv nqaij raug cuam tshuam;
- 4 degree - swb npog cov pob txha.
Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tias cov cim ntawm kev siv tshuaj lom neeg tsis muaj qhov tseeb tshwm sim tam sim ntawd, yog li ntawd nws tuaj yeem soj ntsuam lawv cov ntaub ntawv tom qab thawj zaug tau txais kev pab. Thawj cov tsos mob yog qhov mob mob hauv qhov chaw uas muaj tshuaj muaj tshuaj, thiab me ntsis liab. Yog tias koj tsis pib sai li sai tau, qhov hlawv yuav tawm ntawm 1 degree mus rau 2 thiab 3 xyoos, vim tias qhov khoom tseem ua, ua rau tob tob mus rau hauv txheej cov ntaub so ntswg.
Pab nrog tshuaj lom neeg
Kev kho cov yeeb yam ua rau tshuaj lom neeg tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj thiab ua rau kom muaj kev kho mob sai thiab kho tau zoo.
- Nres cov tshuaj. Yog tias cov khoom yog txam ntawm cov khaub ncaws, nws yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm tam sim ntawd, los yog zoo dua - txiav.
- Yaug qhov kiav txhab hauv lub dav dej txias 10 - 20 nas this, yog tias kev pab ncua ntev, lub sijhawm ua haujlwm nce mus rau 30-40 feeb.
- Ntxuav lub qhov txhab nrog tshuaj yeeb dej caw.
- Siv cov khaub ncaws hnyav khaub ncaws (tsis siv cov paj rwb!).
- Hu rau lub tsheb thauj neeg mob lossis xa tus neeg raug mob mus rau qhov chaw kaw neeg.
Yaug nrog dej tsis tuaj yeem:
- Burns nrog txiv qaub - nws quenching yog nrog los ntawm tshav kub tso, thiab cov nqaij cuam tshuam los kuj yuav tau txais ib lub thermal burn; txiv qaub yog tshem tawm ntawm daim tawv nqaij nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev qhuav, thiab ces neutralized;
- Burns nrog cov organic sib txuas ntawm txhuas - kev sib cuag nrog dej yog fraught nrog hluav taws; tus neeg sawv cev yog muab tshem tawm ntawm daim tawv nqaij nrog kev haus cawv.
Kev kho cov tshuaj lom neeg
So lub qhov txhab nrog cov tshuaj tsis haum los ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg tom qab siv dej yaug ntev!
- alkaline burns raug kho nrog qaug zog daws cov acids (acetic, boric, txiv qaub);
- acid burns so nrog ib tug tov ntawm ci dej qab zib;
- phosphoric burns yuav tsum tau thov ntawm ib tug hnav khaub ncaws moistened nrog ib tug daws ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate los yog tooj liab sulfate;
- Phenol hlawv so nrog ethyl cawv lossis vodka;
- Burns txiv qaub kho nrog qab zib daws.
Kev kho cov tshuaj lom neeg
Yog hais tias daim tawv nqaij yog cuam tshuam los ntawm ib qho tshuaj, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau sab laj nrog ib tug kws kho mob,
Tua cov tshuaj hlawv me me, zoo li ib lub thermal, los ntawm cov tshuaj xws li Panthenol, Vishnevsky ointment, Solcoseryl. Raws li antiseptics thov siv tshuaj raws li cov ntaub ntawv nyiaj thiab cawv ntawm iodine. Categorically nws yog contraindicated mus thov rau lub qhov txhab tsev tshuaj ointment los ntawm tshuaj lom neeg raug mob vim cov neeg txawv zaub mov noj thiab lwm yam tshuaj tsis muaj zog thiab tsis siv tshuaj.