Suab paj nruag ntawm dhau los dhau los tsis yog tshaj tawm hauv xov tooj cua niaj hnub, tab sis nyob hauv cov phau ntawv qub thiab cov tuam tsev. Lawv tsis ua si ntxiv lawm, tab sis qee cov neeg tseem nco txog cov twj paj nruag suab paj nruag tsis nco qab los ntawm kev vam meej.
Peb txhua tus paub tias piano, piano, trumpet, guitar violin thiab lub nruas saib thiab suab. Thiab lawv cov "pog" thiab "yawm txiv" saib thiab ua li cas? Peb tsis tuaj yeem ua cov suab ntawm lub orchestra qub, tiam sis peb yuav qhia rau koj txog cov suab paj nruag qub qub.
1. Lear
Txawm nyob hauv lub teb chaws Yudais thaum ub, cov suab paj nruag raug tsim tau tias nws thiaj li tau txais kev pom zoo thiab ua lub hauv paus rau kev tsim cov qauv tshiab niaj hnub no. Lira - feem ntau suab paj nruas ntsuas nyob rau hauv era ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub Ancient Greek xeev. Thawj cov lus hais txog cov lyre hnub rov rau 1400g. BC. e. Qhov cuab yeej no yeej ib txwm muaj npe nrog Apollo, raws li thawj lyre twb nthuav tawm rau nws los ntawm Hermes. Thiab nws tau suab, nrog cov kwv huam zoo nkauj. Niaj hnub no lawv tsis ua si ntawm lyre, tiam sis lub sij hawm "lyric" tau ua tsis tau rau lub ntsuas no.
2. Cifara
Txoj cai yog xaiv ib qho ntawm thawj cov hlua uas siv hlua thiab yog ib tug tib neeg xeeb ntxwv ntawm lub lyre. Ntaus suab paj nruag nrog cithara hauv lawv txhais tes tau muab tso rau hauv cov nyiaj npib qub, frescoes, av nplaum amphoras thiab duab. Qhov ntsuas tau nrov heev hauv Persia, Is Nrias teb thiab Rome. Hmoov tsis, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom muaj tseeb reproduce lub suab ntawm cithara, tab sis ua tsaug rau cov lus piav qhia nws yog reconstructed.
3. Citra
Cov hlua ntaus suab paj nruag no tau siv ntau tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv Austria thiab Yelemes hauv xyoo pua paub. Nyob rau hauv Russia, nws tshwm nyob rau hauv ob ib nrab ntawm lub XIX caug xyoo. Cov twj paj nruag zoo li tau ntsib ntawm cov neeg suav ntawm Suav teb thiab Middle East.
4. Kev Tshaj Tawm
Ib tug pinched keyboard suab paj nruas ntsuas, uas tau zoo chaw nyob rau hauv Nrab Hnub nyoog. Thawj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov neeg cev hu nkauj hnub rov qab mus rau 1511. Ib tug cim ntsuas ntawm Italian ua hauj lwm ntawm 1521 tau dim rau hnub no. Externally, lub harpsichords tau tawm heev gracefully. Lawv lub cev tau dai kom zoo nkauj, kos duab, kos duab thiab kos duab. Txawm li cas los xij, los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua paub 18 xyoo dhau los, cov neeg hu ua harpsichord tau hloov piano, nws tau hloov chaw thiab tsis nco qab kiag li thaum xyoo 19th.
5. Clavecord
Ib yam ntawm cov hlua khau-clamping suab paj nruag. Outwardly nws zoo heev rau ib tug harpsichord, tab sis muaj ib lub suab muaj zog tshaj. Clavicord, tau tsim rau hauv 1543, hnub no yog nyob rau hauv lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm cov suab paj nruas suab seev hauv lub nroog Leipzig nyob hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees. Cov composers loj tshaj Johann Sebastian Bach, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart thiab Ludwig van Beethoven tau tsim ntau yam hauj lwm tshwj xeeb uas tau muab sau cia rau lub clavichord.
6. Harmonium
Qhov cua zoo li cov kab paj hom suab paj nruag yog nrov heev ntawm qhov kawg ntawm XIX xyoo pua. Nyob rau hauv txhua txhua hnub lub neej nws raug hu ua "mob". Tus creator ntawm harmonium yog ib tug Fabkis npe hu ua Deben, leej twg tau txais ib daim ntawv patent rau qhov siv los ntawm qhov ntsuas hauv 1840. Hnub no lub harmonium yuav pom xwb nyob rau hauv tsev cia puav pheej.
7. Bilo
Ancient Slavic percussion instrument. Nws tau ua los ntawm cov hlau, uas tau raug ntaus nrog lub mallet. Bilo tseem tau ua ib lub koom txoos tswb thiab ib lub suab paj nruag rau cov Neeg Ntseeg qub.
8. Cov pobzeb
Lub cuab yeej tseem ceeb ntawm Lavxias teb sab npoo ntawm cov Txij thaum ub. Outwardly nws zoo heev rau ib tug nkauj laus nraug thiab pom tias nws cov Slavic prototype. Lub horn yog lub hneev nti ntoo nrog ib daim pear-puab daim ntawv nrog peb cov hlua.
9. Lub log lira
Qhov kev ntaus suab paj nruag ntawm no yog nyob hauv Central Tebchaws Europe hauv 10- 11th centuries. Pib, rau kev ua si ntawm lub log tsheb, ob tug neeg raug sam fwm, txij li cov yuam sij nyob saum toj. Ib tug cwj mem, thiab tus thib ob tau ntaus lub suab paj nruag. Tom qab ntawd tus yuam sij tau muab tso rau hauv qab no. Nyob rau hauv Russia, thawj log lyre tshwm nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XVII. Cov neeg ua si siv qhov cuab yeej no ua cov vaj lug kub ntawm sab ntsuj plig thiab cov vaj lug kub npau suav.
10. Kobza
Ukrainian teb chaws stringed plucked suab paj nruas ntsuas. Nws ntseeg tias kobza tau coj tuaj rau Ukraine los ntawm cov pab pawg neeg Turkic, tab sis tau txais nws daim ntawv kawg hauv cov av no. Cov duab ntawm tus kobza player, leej twg nrog nws zaj nkauj-xav los ntawm kev ua si nyob rau hauv kobza, immortalized nyob rau hauv nws ua hauj lwm T.Shevchenko. Kobza yog ib lub cuab tam nyiam ntawm Ukrainian Cossacks thiab villagers, tab sis tom qab 1850 tau hloov los ntawm ib lub hnab looj tes.
11. Rhinestics
Lub raj nplaim nag yog ib qho kev ntsuas suab paj nruag uas siv los ntawm shamans ntawm South thiab North America los tswj cov huab cua. Nws zoo kawg nkaus simulated lub suab dej los nag los nag. Nyuam qhuav pib ua ib qho cuab yeej cuab tam hauv cov kev cai qub ntawm Aborigines. Niaj hnub no, lub rheinist ua raws li ib pawg ntseeg ntawm vaj tse los ntawm kev ntshaw thiab kev npau taws.
12. Calimba
Lub suab paj nruag tshaj plaws ntawm cov neeg Asmeskas xeem. Niaj hnub no, nyob rau hauv qee qhov chaw hauv Nruab Nrab Central thiab South Africa, nws yog siv los ua cov kab lig kev cai. Kalimbu hu ua "African pianoforte".
13. nab
Qhov cuab yeej no tau paub nyob rau hauv XVI xyoo pua. txawm nyob rau hauv ib lub npe - zinc, tus "yawm txiv yawm txiv" ntawm cov cua ntau yam. Nws tau tsim los ntawm Fabkis Edm Guillaume. Nab zoo yog ib txoj hlua uas zoo nkaus li zoo li ib tug nab. Lawv tau ua ib lub twj ntawm ntoo lossis pob txha, npog lub hauv paus nrog tawv. Qee lub sij hawm lub ntsis ntawm tus nab raug ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug reptilian lub taub hau.
14. Lub Horn Orchestra
Nyob rau xyoo 1752, St.Petersburg tau tsim ib lub cuab yeej los hloov tag nrho cov kev ua yeeb yam, uas muaj 40-80 yos hav zoov, txhua tus tau ua tib zoo xyuas thiab tig rau nws lub suab nrov. Nws yog qhov tseeb tias qhov loj qhov ntawm qhov teeb meem no: qhov loj tshaj horn sounded tsawg, thiab lub me tshaj kub tau sounded saum sau ntawv.
15. Ionica
Kom txog thaum nyuam qhuav, lub suab paj nruas no yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov suab paj nruas ua suab paj nruag. Ionika yog ib lub lag luam ntawm cov twj paj nruag siv suab paj nruag uas tso tawm rau hauv DDR xyoo 1959. Nyob rau hauv Soviet Union, lub sij hawm "ionics" raug siv raws li tag nrho cov cuab yeej me me. Sij hawm dhau los, nws tau hloov los ntawm transistors, uas muaj kev ntseeg ntau dua.